We report the synthesis and characterization of non-d 10 p-type transparent conducting oxides of the normal spinel ZnRh 2 O 4 . Undoped ZnRh 2 O 4 was successfully prepared by means of bulk solid-state synthesis. The conduction mechanism and bulk defect chemistry of polycrystalline sintered pellets of ZnRh 2 O 4 were studied through electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient measurements, in defect equilibrium at elevated temperature under controlled atmospheres. Optical diffuse reflectance measurements were also carried out to evaluate band gap. The data were analyzed in terms of an activated mobility ͑small polaron conduction͒, with a hopping energy of 0.25 eV. Results from band structure calculations by LDA+ U and optical band-gap measurement by UV-visible spectrometry are in good agreement with literature data.
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