Human whole mouth saliva (WMS) is secreted by salivary glands, namely parotid, submandibular/sublingual and other minor glands of the oral cavity. It is secreted in a systematic way, and contain informative proteins and peptides for the early detection of contagious diseases and organ-related diseases. The role of WMS as a liquid biopsy for the detection of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) through Myoglobin (MYO), Cardiac troponin I (cTnI), Creatine phosphokinase MB (CK-MB), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), Exosomal miRNA, C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), MMP-9 and tissue inhibitor of MMP-8 (TIMP-1), leukotriene B4 has been well reported in last decade, that have been reviewed in the literature comprehensively below.

No abstract

No abstract

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the association between intercanine width and the mandibular arch form in 109 dentate subjects, who visited Orthodontics Department from October 2018 to December 2019. Using Vernier caliper, the intercanine width was measured as the distance between the left and right canines on each cast with the arch form, also categorized as tapered, square or ovoid, using predefined criteria. Spearman's rank correlation demonstrated highly significant association between intercanine width and mandibular dental arch forms, with p value of 0.005.

OBJECTIVE: To find the mean curve spee depth and association in three different skeletal vertical patterns (Hypodivergent, Normodivergent and Hyperdivergent). METHODOLOGY: Orthodontic models of mandibular arch and Lateral cephalogram of 110 patients with the mean age of 17.16±4 years, 26.4% (N=29) males and 73.6% (N=81) females were taken from the patients who visited for the orthodontic treatment, to the Department of Orthodontics of Karachi Medical and Dental College. Skeletal divergence defined by the mandibular plane (Lower border of mandible) to sella-nasion line angle (SN-MP). It was measured on lateral cephalogram and Curve of spee depth measured on mandibular cast. RESULTS:Out of 110 patients 20.9% (N= 23) were hypodivergent, 29.1% (N=32) were normodivergent and 50% (N=55) were hyperdivergent. The curve of spee among these three groups were 3.39±0.30mm, 2.62±0.23mm and 2.02±0.45mm. One-way ANOVA has been applied and it showed highly significant differences in the value of curve of spee depth among three vertical skeletal patterns with the p-value of 0.000. Moving from Hypodivergent to Hyperdivergent cases, the curve of Spee depth reduces. CONCLUSION: It has been found that there is a significant difference in curve of spee among hypodivergent, normodivergent and hyperdivergent patients. KEYWORDS: Dentistry, Curve of Spee, Vertical Skeletal Patterns, Orthodontic Diagnosis. HOW TO CITE: Rehman SA, Rizwan S, Faisal SS, Hussain SS. Association of curve of spee with vertical skeletal patterns. J Pak Dent Assoc 2020;29(4):254-258.