The planning regulations and standards indicate the demands of urbanizations and settlements from a quality point of view and from a big scale to a specific item of the urban parts. The primary purpose of this paper is to create a conceptual framework that serves as a mean to measure the variables influencing the extent of planning compliance in an urban area. The method used is a bibliometric approach as an examination of the area of research. These variables originate from a comprehensive analysis of the literature across countries and time frame from 1976 to 2019 and can affect planning violations positively or negatively by each variable. The findings show five classes of variables which affected the planning deviation in most case studies. The administrative, legislation, social, economic and demographic considerations perform a significant part in ensuring adherence at local and government stage with planning violations. It is important to improve administrative procedures and to revise planning norms and regulations in an attempt to achieve local conditions to deal with planning deviation issues. Cooperation and coordination efforts between authorities and stakeholders are essential to the monitoring and enforcement of planning standards and regulations.

This study aims to determine the factors that influence the extent of compliance with residential planning standards and regulations in an authorised urban area of Benghazi, in Al-Fatah district, Libya. Combined quantitative and qualitative methods are used in this study. Based on survey results of 359 heads of households, the statistical software PLS-SEM via Warp PLS 6.0 is used to determine the significant factors affecting compliance level, supported by semistructured interviews with five officials from planning authorities. Compliance level with residential planning standards is relatively low in Benghazi. Nine factors include the monitoring system, staff training, corruption, bureaucracy, financial facilities, housing provision, and social and physical infrastructure all have significant effects on the extent of compliance with residential planning standards. However, only the enforcement system has no noticeable effect on the compliance level. The study found that the primary driver for low compliance is economic in nature, followed by administrative considerations. With the continued availability of authorised housing and housing schemes, even without infrastructure, it is possible to achieve a high level of compliance in the future.