Background: Hypertensive disorders are the common cause of maternal death which affecting nearly 5-10% of pregnancies all over the world. Pre-eclampsia develop from inadequate trophoblast invasion of the maternal spiral arteries and Doppler values permits non-invasive evaluation of uteroplacental circulation and is of great importance in the management of high risk pregnancies. The aim of the study was to assess the findings of Doppler data in predicting pre-eclampsia and comparison of the efficacy of uterine artery Doppler and umbilical artery Doppler.Methods: The study comprises of 100 women with high risk pregnancy attending antenatal clinic at Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur were subjected to uterine and umbilical artery Doppler Study. Women with high risk pregnancy between 26-32 weeks of gestation were studied with colour Doppler. This was a prospective study over a period of 1 year from 2015-2016.Results: The results of the study revealed that 5 out of 100 participants developed pre-eclampsia. Out of different parameters, notch is the best predictor of pre-eclampsia with high sensitivity and highest PPV for uterine artery Doppler and S/D ratio is considered to be best indicator for umbilical artery Doppler. Regarding efficacy, umbilical artery Doppler is more predictive than uterine Doppler.Conclusions: Doppler study can be used for the prediction of pre-eclampsia to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.

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Background: Epidural block is a popular and versatile procedure with applications as sole anaesthetic, as an analgesic adjuvant to general anaesthesia and for post-operative analgesia in procedures involving lower limbs, perineum, pelvis, abdomen and thorax. However, success of the epidural technique depends upon the correct identification of epidural space. The knowledge of distance from skin to epidural space can help in better identification of epidural space and epidural catheter placement with fewer incidences of complications. We conducted a study to find the distance from skin to the epidural space and its correlation with patient height and age to improve the success rate.  Methods: Seventy-four patients scheduled to undergo lower lumbar surgeries where epidural block was required as anaesthetic or analgesic, were included in the study. These patients were randomly divided into four different groups of 37 patients each according to their age (group A and group B) and height (group C and group D). In these patient’s epidural block was given by standard technique according to the need of surgery and epidural depth measured. Obtained results were compared among group A, B and group C, D depending on their age and height respectively.  Results: In group A (age 20-30 years), mean epidural depth was 3.96±0.4 cm while in group B (age 30-40 years) mean epidural depth was 4.05±0.5 centimeters. In group C (height 155-169 cm) mean epidural depth was 3.88±0.4 centimeters while it was 4.13±0.5 centimeters in group D (height 170-184 cm).Conclusions: There was increase in epidural depth with increase in height of patients but there was no correlation between age of patients and epidural depth.

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Prehypertension is an American medical classification for cases where a person's blood pressure is elevated above normal but not to the level considered as hypertensive, systolic 120 to 139 mm Hg and diastolic 80 to 89 mm Hg 1 . Prehypertension is the most important public health problem in developing countries and one of the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The natural history of prehypertension starts when some combination of hereditary and environmental factors set in to the motion transient but repetitive perturbation of cardiovascular homeostasis not enough to raise the blood pressure to level defined as abnormal but enough to begin the cascade that, over many years lead to BPs that are usually elevated 2 . The main aim of this study was to evaluate the association between undiagnosed prehypertension and serum CRP level across the range of blood pressure categories including prehypertension i.e. 121-139/89 mm Hg. C reactive protein, a simple downstream marker of inflammation , has now emerged as a major cardiovascular risk factor. In the present study, serum hs-CRP level and lipid profile were monitored in 100 subjects with prehypertension and 100 age sex matched with normotensive controls. The level of hs-CRP in serum of cases were significantly high (p<0.0001) and level of HDL were significantly low (p<0.0001) compare to healthy controls.