Insulin receptor (IR) proteins were essential intracellular signaling peptides in the insulin action cascade. Insulin receptor substrate proteins (IRS-1and IRS-2) serve and regulate the insulin level in the normal insulin action. The broad role of IRS-1 and IRS-2 in cell growth and survival reveals a common regulatory pathway linking development, somatic growth, fertility, neuronal proliferation, and aging to the core mechanisms used by vertebrates for nutrient sensing. Such type of proteins were cyclic adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, this proteins play a key role in the insulin response and regulation. Type -2 Diabetes mellitus occurs during prolonged periods of peripheral insulin resistance due to inactivation of IRS proteins. The compounds isolated from the medicinal plants were safer than synthetic drugs and possess high bio activity. In the present study, four compounds were elucidated from fruits of Helicteres isora. The elucidated compounds were evaluated for the antidiabetic activity using in silico docking study. The receptor was analyzed for the active site and pocket finder tools. The aminoacids such as Phenylalanine, Lysine, Glutamic acid and Asparigine were predicted as active site binding residues. Docking studies were done through Autodock 4 software. All the compounds from fruits of Helicteres isora showed good docking profiles with AMP Kinase, except compound-3 (1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,5,6,8-tetramethyl-7-(2-methylprop-1-enylnaphthalene-4-ylpivalate). Finally the result from the study demonstrates that the HS-1, HS-2 and HS-4 posses potent anti diabetic activity against type-2 diabetes mellitus through drug action on AMP kinase cascade system.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) causes serious hepatic manifestations viz. chronic liver cirrhosis, necrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Globally 3% of the population is highly affected by HCV infection. A total of 751 HCV suspected samples collected from Primary Health Care centres, both from Private and Government hospitals in Tamil Nadu were screened with anti HCV antibodies-ELISA test revealed a prevalence of 0.5% of the population to have HCV diseases burden in different age groups. The pediatric age groups (1-5 and 6-12 years) were predominantly HCV affected and statistical analysis of the data revealed the significant differences between the age groups. The 28% of the blood transfusion cases showed HCV infections, followed by haemodialysis (12%), intravenous drug abuse (02%), tattoos and piercing (01%), sexual contact and abusement (08%), plasmapheresis (08%), contact to HCV infected material (01%), perinatal (02%), intravenous immunoglobulin treatment (03%), transplantation (18%) and unknown (17%). The predominant symptoms of HCV infection were jaundice (90%), fever (60%), dark urine (48%), hepatomegaly(35%), and spleenomegaly (20%). A severe impact of the Hepatitis C virus infections was on the biomarkers viz. bilirubin, SGOT, and SGPT which were found to be significantly elevated. The elevated levels of total bilirubin were 70%, serum glutamine oxalo transaminase (SGOT)

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C-reactive protein (CRP) in the form of high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) is one of the better extensively used risk marker for the coronary artery disease (CAD) in clinical practice. Increased value of hs-CRP has been related with increased threat for the development of blood pressure, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, temporary ischemic attack and sudden coronary deceased condition. If hs-CRP involves a fundamental role in atherothrombosis, then hs-CRP is the better biomarker proposed to be necessary for improving to detect the risk of coronary events of arterial disease. In this study, the HCV seropositive patients (by Anti HCV-IgG Indirect Elisa) more than 2 years old, hepatic and leukaemia were investigated for extra hepatic manifestation. The Lab request forms with questionnaire were together including CRP, HS-CRP, serum cholesterol and liver function tests were scrutinized. Total of 170 cases (around the Chennai) was taken for the study. In which, 45.3% of cases were observed as hepatitis patients with ALL cases. The other 8% of cases were having liver cirrhosis and rest of the cases was not having cirrhosis. Finally, the study explores the relationship between the HCV seropositive of leukaemia cases, HCV RNA and CRP, hs CRP with cirrhosis. These evaluations point out that HCV infection may amend the chronic inflammatory condition in leukaemia patients. Additionally, the results recommended that screening for hs-CRP should be considered previous to evaluation of cardiovascular risk in HCV patients, because the results may affect the risk scoring of coronary artery disease.