c Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) was isolated from the cerebrum of a calf which showed severe neurological symptoms in late September 2009, and the JEV isolate was revealed to be of genotype 1. This is the first report describing the isolation of genotype 1 JEV from cattle. CASE REPORT

To identify factors associated with "morning breath" (physiological breath odor preceding breakfast) in healthy adults, we assessed breath odor, analyzed intraoral factors, and collected saliva and tongue coat samples incubated to ascertain the relationship between intraoral bacteria and breath odor. Subjects were 44 healthy men with a mean age of 24.1 years.The breath odor of each was assessed by an organoleptic test and quantified using a portable sulphide monitor (Halimeter RH-17 E(R)) and gas chromatography.Results were as follows: Breath odor was organoleptically detectable in all subjects. When subjects were categorized based on organoleptic tests, a significant difference was seen in Halimeter values and concentrations of 3 volatile sulphide compounds (VSCs) . A significant correlation was seen between organoleptic measurement and Halimeter values or VSC concentration.Among VSC concentrations, the correlation was highest between total VSC and hydrogen sulphide levels. Tougue coat scores and turbidity tended to increase with the organoleptic score. Higher tongue coat scores tended to be associated with greater turbidity.An increase in odor score coincided with a significant in counts for total bacteria, aerobic bacteria, streptococci, and anaerobic bacteria in the tongue coat. No significant differences in bacteria counts were seen, however, in saliva. Significant correlations existed between tongue coat score/turbidity and counts for total bacteria, aerobic bacteria, streptococci, and anaerobic bacteria in the tongue coat.Our findings suggest 3 broad conclusions: the tongue coat is the major contributor toward morning breath ; halitosis severity depends on the total number of bacteria in the tongue coat; and hydrogen sulphide is the primary component of halitosis.

ABSTRACT. A stillborn calf at 259 days of gestation was examined. The dam showed no clinical signs of disease, and the stillbirth was occurred sporadically and were characterized by focal necrosis surrounded by infiltration of the cells such as macrophages and multinucleated giant cells. The lesions were observed systemically. The hyphae were visible by Grocott's stain and they were positive by immunohistochemical stain using serum of a rabbit immunized with the isolated organism. The isolated bacteria were determined to be Nocardia farcinica by bacteriological and molecular analysis and we confirmed that the stillbirth was caused by infection with and proliferation of Nocardia farcinica. This is the first report of a bovine stillbirth caused by this organism.

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Remitting seronegative symmetrical synovitis with pitting edema (RS3PE) syndrome develops in patients with various underlying diseases. The involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor in the development of this syndrome has been suggested and malignant disease could be one of the underlying diseases of RS3PE syndrome. This syndrome is interpreted as one of the paraneoplastic syndromes that often have a poor prognosis. There have been few reports of lung cancer patients who developed RS3PE syndrome, and the prognosis of these patients has been rarely discussed. The present case report describes a very elderly lung cancer patient with RS3PE syndrome. We believe he is the oldest patient with advanced lung cancer to have developed RS3PE syndrome. Edema of the dorsum of both hands disappeared by one month after the start of first-line chemotherapy. The relatively long disease control period of the first and later lines of chemotherapy led to a long-term survival of 45 months. The existence of a patient with such a slow clinical course should be considered valuable for future research. It is important to continue optimal treatment even in elderly patients with RS3PE syndrome, one of the paraneoplastic syndromes.