Objective: To evaluate histomorphological effects of Soybean oil supplementation on lung tissue injury and alveolar hemorrhage induced by Bisphenol A (BPA). Study Design: Laboratory-based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi and National Institute of Health, Islamabad, from Nov 2015 to Nov 2016. Methodology: Forty (40) healthy BALB/c mice of 9-11 weeks of age, weighing between 30-37gm were housed in a controlled environment at National Institute of Health. Group 1 (10) was control group. Group 2 (10) was given a daily dose of 50 milligram/kilogram body weight of Bisphenol A and group 3 (10) was given a daily dose of 500 milligram of Soybean oil and group 4 (10) was concurrently given Bisphenol A and Soybean oil with daily doses of 50 milligram/kilogram body weight and 500 milligrams. After a period of 8 weeks, animals were dissected 24 hours after receiving the last dosage. Lung wet weight, animal weight and relative body tissue weight index (RTBWI) were calculated. Tissue processing & staining was done. Alveolar hemorrhage was histomorphologically and statistically analysed using SPSS-21. Results: On microscopic examination, alveolar hemorrhage (AH) was observed in 10 (100%) group 2 specimens with increase in RTBWI and whereas only 5 (50%) of group 4 specimens had alveolar hemorrhage with slight improvement in relative body tissue weight index (RTBWI). Conclusion: Bisphenol A (BPA) induced lung injury as evident by intraalveolar hemorrhage, blood vessel congestion and increased RTBWI ratio were ameliorated by concomitant administration of Soybean oil.

Objective: To observe the effects of nandrolone decanoateon renal tubules and its protection by punicagranatum (pomegranate) in mice. Study Design: Lab based experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: One year in Anatomy department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, in association with National Institution of Health, Islamabad. Methodology: Forty healthy BALB/c mice of both sexes with weight range of 2 5-30gms were equally disseminated into four groups, A as control while B, C and D as trial groups. Three trial groups were inoculated Nandrolone Decanoate 1mg per 100gm of body weight, through intramuscular injections in the hind limb, once weekly for eight weeks. Pomegranate nector was administered in animals of trial group C (3ml per kg of body weight) en route oral gavage tube daily, whereas animals in trial group D was administered pomegranate peel extract (200mg per kg body weight) via oral gavage tube daily for eight weeks. Evaluation of the outcomes of trial groups B, C & D was done amongst them and with control group A. Results: In nandrolone decanoate injected experimental group B, tubular necrosis were appreciated in comparison with control group A (p˂ 0.001), and showed statistical improvement when evaluation was done with pomegranate nectar and pomegranate peel extract treated trial groups C (0.001) and D (p=0.001), correspondingly. Conclusion: Punicagranatum in two forms, as nectar and peel extract, has almost identical curative effects on steroid administered renal tubular mutilation.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate cytoprotective effects of soyabean oil supplementation against interstitial fibrosis induced in lungs of adult mice by Bisphenol A. Study Design: Experimental Study. Setting: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi. Period: Nov 2015 to Nov 2016. Material & Methods: Forty healthy adult BALB/c mice of 9 - 11 weeks of age and weighing from 30-37gms were included in this study and were housed in controlled environment of animal house of NIH, Islamabad. Group A animals (10) served as controls. Group B animals (10) were given BPA orally at a dose of 50mg/kg body weight/day and Group C animals (10)   were given soya bean oil at a dose of 500mg/day and Group D animals (10) were given BPA and Soya bean oil at doses of 50mg/kg body weight/day and 500mg/day respectively. All doses were administered orally once daily for a period of eight weeks. Animals were dissected 24hrs after receiving the last dose. Lung tissue specimen processing and Masson trichrome staining was done for the histological study. Lung interstitial fibrosis was morphometrically and statistically analysed using SPSSv21. Results: Microscopic examination showed Grade 2 interstitial fibrosis in 80% specimens in Group B, whereas only 60% specimens of Group D had Grade 1 interstitial fibrosis. Conclusion: It was concluded from results that BPA produces interstitial fibrosis and con-concomitant administration of soya bean oil diet protects against development of lung interstitial fibrosis.