Background:Loneliness is one of the psychological variables related to high risk behaviors that should be investigated more.Objectives:The current study aimed to assess emotional, social, romantic, and familial dimensions of loneliness in drug abuser and nondrug abuser individuals.Patients and Methods:Two hundred and twenty eight individuals were enrolled in this cross sectional study. Hundred and eighteen drug abusers were recruited through random sampling among the clients referred to Baharan Psychiatric Hospital, and 110 non-substance dependent individuals were selected from their companions, students, and staffs. In addition to clinical interview, the Iranian short version of the social and emotional loneliness scale for adults (SELSA-S) was used to evaluate the participants.Results:There were statistically significant difference between the scores of all four emotional, social, familial, and romantic dimensions of loneliness in substance dependent individuals. Although there was no difference between the scores of men and women, the mean scores of romantic and emotional dimensions were higher in non-substance dependent women.Conclusions:The feeling of loneliness is stronger in drug abusers rather than non-drug abusers that could develop the sense of being different from community and increase the probability of taking high risk behaviors and abusing drugs. Thus, it is suggested to consider the feeling of loneliness in all programs designed to prevent or treat addiction.

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Background: Today the internet has become a part of our everyday life; communicating online has made it easy for people to begin and develop interpersonal relationships. Certain problems, however, appear to result directly from relationships online. One of these problems which has been prevalent among couples and families is extramarital internet relationships or internet infidelity. Study of this phenomenon in Iranian users' needs a tool for evaluation. Objectives: This study has been done to validate the internet infidelity questionnaire among internet users in Iran. Patients and Methods: The internet infidelity questionnaire was translated and verified by experts and was conducted via the Internet on 481 Iranians (255 males) who were members at Iranian sites and chatrooms and were selected through sampling. Results: Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on obtained data, resulting in a Persian internet infidelity questionnaire with 43 items as well as three main factors. Conclusions: This internet infidelity questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool to assess the betrayed partner of internet infidelity. This questionnaire can justify 65.89 percent of common variance.

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