<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Pomegranate is known as a functional food which has multiple health-promoting activities. It has been assessed for patients with metabolic syndrome. Specifically, an antidiabetic activity of its juice and plausible mechanisms for its action have been shown in multitudinous studies. The aim of this study was assessing the effects of complementary treatment with pomegranate seed powder (PSP) oral supplementation on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Sixty patients were treated for 8 weeks by 5 g PSP or placebo, twice daily. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA_1c), total cholesterol, and triglyceride (TG) were recorded as the outcome measures at the beginning and after the intervention. The findings were analyzed using the independent <i>t</i> test and Mann-Whitney U test. <b><i>Results:</i></b> After 8 weeks, the mean differences of FBG, HbA_1c, cholesterol, and TG were significantly decreased in the PSP group when compared with the placebo group (<i>p</i> value &#x3c;0.05). In addition, post-intervention values of FBG and HbA_1c were significantly lower in patients treated with PSP compared to the placebo group (<i>p</i> values = 0.02 and 0.01, respectively). However, the latter comparison regarding cholesterol and TG showed no significant differences (<i>p</i> values = 0.51 and 0.26, respectively). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> It seems that complementary treatment with PSP may have beneficial effects on FBG and HbA_1c of patients with T2DM. However, its effect on TG and cholesterol was equivocal.

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Background: This study was conducted to determine whether type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with ABO & Rhesus (Rh) blood groups. Materials and Methods: This analytical cross sectional study was carried out on 77 patients suffering from T1DM and 96 healthy children less than 18 years old referring to Yazd Diabetes Research Center from April 2018 to May 2019. The ABO blood group and Rh factor in both groups were determined. Fasting blood sugar (FBS) and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) were measured at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks in these patients, and the mean of FBS and HbA1C in three-time assessments were considered as the FBS and HbA1C variables. The statistical analysis was performed by SPSS software version 22. Results: About 46.8% in T1DM and 36.5% in the control groups were male. There was a significant difference between groups regarding blood groups (p-value: 0.042). Although the frequency of B+ was 33.8% and 19.8% in the T1DM and controls, respectively, AB+ and O+ were more prevalent in the controls. The mean of FBS was significantly different between groups (p-value: 0.023). Conclusions: The findings revealed that patients with blood group B are more likely to develop T1DM whereas those with blood group O showed a lower tendency towards diabetes.

Objective: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the onset and progression of diabetic nephropathy. So antioxidant agents may be one of the key treatment strategies for prevention of diabetic nephropathy progression .The aim of this study was to determine the effect of selenium (Se) on micro-albuminuria in type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients. Materials and Methods: This study was a clinical study on 60 T2DM patients with micro-albuminuria who were referred to Yazd diabetic research center from March 2016 till April 2017. Patients were randomized in to two groups: Se (200 microgram Se daily) and control. The control group did not receive placebo. The intervention duration was 12 weeks. Micro-albuminuria, fasting blood sugar (FBS), cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, urea, creatinine, HbA1c, plasma Se concentration were measured at the baseline and after 12 weeks.  Results: Micro-albuminuria decreased after 12 weeks in both studied groups but it was not statistically significant. Cholesterol and LDL levels improved statistically in both studied groups at the end of study (P-value: 0.034, 0.023 respectively). Plasma Se level increased in intervention group (P-value< 0.001). There were clinically improvement in other studied variables after 12 weeks in two studied groups but not statistically significant Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that Se supplementation for 12 weeks among patients with micro-albuminuria had no beneficial effects on micro albuminuria.

Background: A new sweetener with the commercial name of Lacritose has been recently produced, which is a combination of four simple sugars (lactose, fructose, sucrose, erythritol), with specific ingredients and percentages. This study aimed to assess glycemic response and short term gastrointestinal reactions in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: In this triple-blind randomized clinical trial, 30 diabetic patients referred to Yazd Diabetes Research Center in 2018 were included. After collecting the primary data, they were assigned into three groups, including sucrose consumers as the control group, sucrose-lactose, and lacritose as the groups of consumers group. They were followed for two weeks, and fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial test (2HPP), fructose amine, SGOT, SGPT, urea, creatinine, and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were assessed. Results: In lacritose consumers, significant reductions were seen in FBG and 2HPP (P < 0.001 and P = 0.05, respectively), although changes among the groups were not significant. In sucrose-lacritose consumers, FBG and cholesterol levels decreased (P = 0.04 and P = 0.03, respectively). In sucrose consumers, no reduction was seen. HOMA-IR did not significantly decrease, but intergroup changes were obvious. Conclusion: The lacritose effects on FBG and 2HPP were significantly evident, but the other metabolic indices did not show any significant change.