Background and Aims: Consolida orientalis (J.Gay.) Schrödinger belonging to the Ranunculaceae family, which is called "morçiçek" in Turkey. It can be recognized by its laciniae linear leaves, intense violet flower, and follicle fruit. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the anatomical properties of C. orientalis, as one of the medically important plant species of Ranunculaceae family. Methods: Plant material was collected from Kahramankazan (Ankara-Turkey). The samples were protected in 70% alcohol. The transverse and surface sections were investigated by light microscope and photographed. Results: The root is characterized by a periderm, pericyclic sclerenchymatous ring, and vessels embedded in sclerenchymatous pith cells. It was observed that in the anatomical features of the stem, the adaxial walls of epidermis cells curved outward and were covered with a thick cuticle layer. Moreover, stomata were observed in the epidermis and the stem had hairs only at the above parts, while other parts were bare. These hairs consisted of both glandular (with a long stalk) and non-glandular (unicellular, silicified) types. The leaf is broadly v-shaped, monofacial and has a 1-layer epidermis. Ranunculaceous stomata and non-glandular (unicellular, silicified and slightly bowed) hairs were observed on both surfaces. Conclusion:The root, stem, and leaf anatomy of C. orientalis was studied for the first time. The anatomical features described in detail with reference reports could be helpful in future taxonomic studies.

Objective: Opopanax W. Koch genus is included in Apiaceae family. The genus can be distinguishable with its compound basal leaves, glabrous fruits, yellow flowers, tall stem with glochidate and stellate hairs. It is known with the name "Hercules' all-heal" throughout the world. It was used for the treatment of epilepsy, infertility in women, hemorrhoids and paralysis traditionally. This present research was designed to assess in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Opopanax hispidus (Friv.) Griseb.Material and Method: Methanol extracts were prepared from the aerial parts and flowers of the plants. Their antioxidant activities were analyzed through a number of chemical assays: 2,2′-azino-bis(3ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assays. Anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were compared and evaluated using human red blood cell membrane stability testing.Result and Discussion: Aerial parts exhibited stronger ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging activities than flowers. Howver, flowers were found to be more active than aerial parts in terms of anti-inflammatory effects (IC50=3,32 mg/ml and 4,75 mg/ml; respectively). These data suggest that flowers and aerial parts of Opopanax hispidus exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. More research studies are necessary to determine the active ingredients in charge of this activity.

Amaç: Opopanax hispidus bitkisi Apiaceae familyasındandır. Tedavi amaçlı yaygın olarak hemoroid, kadın infertilitesi ve kanın temizlenmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmamızda Opopanax hispidus metanolik gövde ekstresini farelere vererek over dokusu üzerinde oluşturduğu histolojik değişiklikleri incelemeyi amaçladık. Gereçler ve Yöntem: 12 adet erişkin, dişi, Swiss-Albino fare alındı, randomize olarak 2 gruba ayrıldı. Kontrol grubu: Herhangi bir uygulama yapılmadı. Opopanax hispidus grubu: Opopanax hispidus metanolik ekstresi (200 mg/kg/gün) 5 gün oral gavajla uygulandı. Deneyin sonunda, sağ over dokusu eksize edilerek çıkarıldı. Dokular %10'luk tamponlu formaldehit içinde fikse edildi, rutin histolojik inceleme için takip metodları uygulandı ve akabinde 5 µm kalınlığında kesitler alındı. Kesitler hematoksilen-eozin ile boyandı ve ışık mikroskopik incelemeye tabii tutuldu. Stereolojik ölçümde Cavalieri prensibinin modifiye metodu kullanıldı. Total doku volüm oranları, Shtereom 1.5 version paket programında verilmiş noktalı alan cetveliyle ölçüldü. Grupların karşılaştırılmasında Mann-Whitney U testi kullanıldı. Hesaplamalarda, istatistik anlamlılık düzeyi %5 alındı. Tüm hesaplamalar için SPSS (ver:20) istatistik paket programı kullanıldı. Bulgular: Antral follikül sayısı açısından değerlendirildiğinde istatistiki olarak anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0.05). Gruplar arasında over volümü değerlendirildiğinde Opopanax hispidus grubunda kontrol grubuna göre azalma olduğu ve istatistiki olarak anlamlı olduğu tesbit edildi (p<0.05). Sonuç: Opopanax hispidus' un over dokusunda olumlu etkiler oluşturarak antral follikül sayısını arttırdığını tesbit ettik ve bu artışın muhtemelen antioksidan etkisinden kaynaklandığını düşünmekteyiz.

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