The interplay between H2S and nitric oxide (NO) is thought to contribute to renal functions. The current study was designed to assess the role of NO in mediating the renoprotective effects of hydrogen sulfide in the 5/6 nephrectomy (5/6 Nx) animal model. Forty rats were randomly assigned to 5 experimental groups: (a) Sham; (b) 5/6 Nx; (c) 5/6Nx+sodium hydrosulfide‐a donor of H 2S, (5/6Nx+sodium hydrosulfide [NaHS]); (d) 5/6Nx+NaHS+ L‐NAME (a nonspecific nitric oxide synthase [NOS] inhibitor); (e) 5/6Nx+NaHS+aminoguanidine (a selective inhibitor of inducible NOS [iNOS]). Twelve weeks after 5/6 Nx, we assessed the expressions of iNOS and endothelial NOS (eNOS), oxidative/antioxidant status, renal fibrosis, urine N‐acetyl‐b‐glucosaminidase (NAG) activity as the markers of kidney injury and various markers of apoptosis, inflammation, remodeling, and autophagy. NaHS treatment protected the animals against chronic kidney injury as depicted by improved oxidative/antioxidant status, reduced apoptosis, and autophagy and attenuated messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of genes associated with inflammation, remodeling, and NAG activity. Eight weeks Nω‐nitro‐l‐arginine methyl ester ( L‐NAME) administration reduced the protective effects of hydrogen sulfide. In contrast, aminoguanidine augmented the beneficial effects of hydrogen sulfide. Our finding revealed some fascinating interactions between NO and H 2S in the kidney. Moreover, the study suggests that NO, in an isoform‐dependent manner, can exert renoprotective effects in 5/6 Nx model of CKD.

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Disposal of waste tire rubber has become one of the major environmental issues in each part the World. One of the possible solutions to dispose of scrap tire rubber is using them into concrete curbs. This paper presents a new method to ameliorate the rubber concrete using a particular rubber size and Nano Material. Initially six mix designs were performed to determine the optimized size and percentage of rubber according to compressive strength. Afterwards, the major concrete curbs were made with the optimum mix design. Three different samples were made to determine the effects of rubber and Nano. One of which was made without rubber and Nano, the other was made with rubber and the last with rubber and Nano. Experiments were carried out to determine the durability and strength of specimens according to ISIRI-12728.