The paper examines the connection between political power and economic impact in China's foreign strategy towards Kazakhstan. In most recent decades, China created considerable relative monetary abilities that it progressively extends externally. A detailed look at Chinese investment, finance, and trade explains the drivers of China's monetary impact in Kazakhstan. The investigation demonstrates that Beijing made solid financial dependencies, which like this presented a precarious progressive system in the reciprocal relationship that leaves Astana in an outranked and Beijing in a predominant position. From one viewpoint, this reliance drove by the revenue and legitimacy of the Kazakhstani elite, and other views that China's relative financial abilities, directed by Beijing's "Go Global" initiative. The paper discusses the perplexing cluster of monetary establishments that project Chinese economic power into Kazakhstan and their association with Beijing to decide if Kazakhstan's monetary reliance is the result of a thoughtful approach coordinated by Beijing. After setting up the extent of the dependency and hierarchy of the relationship, the paper discourses China's capacity to interpret the reliance into meeting its foreign strategic interests. Beijing effectively uses this reliance to achieve its political goals, most prominently in accessing Kazakhstani assets.

This article examines how civil-military relations have changed in China. This is conducted in the context of long-term efforts to make the military more professional and to understand how civilians and soldiers interact today. Current analyses of Chinese civil-military relations have focused on the military's professionalization. However, the recent evaluations do not entirely include the lessons learned from past professionalization phases in the People's Liberation Army's (PLA) history. I focus on the continuity between different events in China's civil and military history by looking at the critical links that made it possible for military professionalization to change what had happened before between the Chinese Communist Party and the PLA. The potential impact of further professionalization of the PLA in contemporary civil-military interactions is also examined.

This article examines the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA) in the Pakistani national system. In the current global war on terrorism, Pakistan’s FATA became a stronghold from jihadist to terrorist. After 9/11, under international pressure, the Pakistani government worked hard to implement its law in FATA. During this process, Pakistani forces push the Taliban out of tribal areas through military operations. To guarantee peace, prosperity and stability in the area, Pakistan combines mainstream tribal areas into the country by implementing a comprehensive legal framework for illegal areas. This article examines Pakistan’s integration options that allow FATA to enter its federal system and inspects the integrating tribal areas with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Province, which has great similarities with its race, religion and culture and is part of the federal system for 70 years. This article also focuses on the economic and administrative reforms necessary to establish real national control and FATA’s consolidation on an equal footing with other provinces of Pakistan.

This paper examines Russia and NATO strategic partnership by investigating both sides perspectives, longstanding hindrances and opportunities. Russia and NATO relations stay to be one of the main strands of global security in the 21st century. Nowadays, given the more perplexing dangers to global security, the increasing energy demand and reliance of Europe, and expanding foreign business between the groups, Russia's links with the West, as a major petroleum exporter and nuclear nation, have become progressively significant. The new security condition of post-September 11 has arranged a shared ground for a strong partnership between old foes. In any case, the endeavors from the two sides have been not able to move beyond a specific degree of collaboration. This paper answers whether it is workable for NATO and Russia to make a decisive victory of lasting legacies of deepseated hostility and doubt, move beyond historical, religious, cultural differences, and establish the frameworks of an enduring sound partnership.

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