Background/aimsAmblyopia is the most common visual deficit in children and accurate visual acuity (VA) assessment is essential for diagnosis. While ETDRS high-contrast logMAR VA is the reference standard test for adults, less agreement exists for pre-literate children. A new picture optotype acuity test (The Auckland Optotypes; TAO) has shown favourable comparison to letter acuity charts but has not yet been evaluated in children with amblyopia. This study aimed to compare visual acuity (VA) obtained using TAO to crowded logMAR letters in children age 5-8 years with amblyopia.