Background: Peripheral nerve blocks have taken over as the principle technique for upper limb surgeries. A number of adjuvants have been tried individually, but very few studies have investigated the cumulative effect of two or more adjuvants given together along with local anesthetic. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of addition of sodium bicarbonate to dexamethasone and ropivacaine in supraclavicular brachial plexus block. Settings and Design: This was a prospective, randomized, double-blind study that comprised 90 American Society of Anaesthesiologist (ASA) 1 and 2 patients posted upper limb orthopedic procedures. Materials and Methods: Ninety ASA 1 and 2 patients were selected and divided into three groups of 30 each: Group R received 30 mL of 0.75% ropivacaine plus 4 mL normal saline; Group RD 30 mL of 0.75% ropivacaine, 2 mL normal saline and 2 mL of dexamethasone were given; Group RB 30 mL of 0.75% ropivacaine plus 2 mL of dexamethasone and 2 mL of sodium bicarbonate. Onset and duration of sensory and motor block and postoperative pain scores were studied in each group. Statistical Analysis: Student's independent t -test was employed for comparing the continuous variables and Chi-square test for the categorical variables. Kruskal–Wallis test was used for postoperative pain score data. Results: Addition of sodium bicarbonate to dexamethasone and ropivacaine quickens onset and prolongs duration of sensory and motor block. Conclusion: Sodium bicarbonate produces a synergistic and potentiating effect with dexamethasone as adjuvant in supraclavicular brachial plexus block.
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