The research aim was get the best medium combination of IBA dan BA to stimulated formation number of shoots of banana Barangan. The study used factorial experiment aranged in Completely Randomized Desigh (CRD). The treatment consisted of 2 factors. The frist factor was the IBA concentration, consisted of three levels 0,0 mg/l, 0,5 mg/l, and 1,0 mg/l. The second factor was BA concentration consisted of four level, 0,0 mg/l, 1,5 mg/l, 3,0 mg/l, and 4,5 mg/l. The result showed that combinations of IBA 0,0 mg/l and BA 0,5 mg/l was the best medium to induce shoot multiplication with 4,00 shoots explant. IBA concentrations had no significant effect on number of shoots. However, the IBA concentation affected the number of root explant.

<h1>This study was aimed to obtain the method in the study of callus induction of in vitro.  The research activities were carried out at Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrotechnology, Andalas University. This research used decriptive and experimental methods. One-way ANOVA analysis followed by Duncan’s test was used to determine significant differences (P ≤ 0.05). All statistical analysis were performed using the SPSS Ver. 23 statistical software package. The results showed that medium of callus induction is 4,0 mg/L BAP + 0,5 mg/L IAA with formation of callus (days), and average of callus formed, namely 4,33 days,  and 9,67 callus.</h1>

The β-satellite fragment is a single-strand DNA that has a size of 1.4 kb. This fragment plays role in pathogen-derived resistance [PDR]. The genetic transformation of the β-Satellite fragment carried out by the previous researcher is limited by the regeneration of transformant callus. Therefore, this research was aimed to find some factors affecting the regeneration of transformant and non-transformant calli. Furthermore, protein analysis was performed on both calli to identify any specific fragment differentiating both proteins. SDS-PAGE analysis showed 5 and 8 fragments from transformant and transformant respectively. One of the 5 fragments has a size of 13.32 kDa which was predicted as C1 protein. These results proved that the β-Satellite fragment has been successfully inserted and expressed in the transformant calli. Subsequent research is suggested to identify some differential fragments produced by both transformant and non-transformant.

No abstract

The aim of this study was to observe the effect of various vegetable insecticide extracts on controlling armyworm (Spodoptera litura) on soybean plants in the laboratory. The research was conducted at the Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Medan Area, from November 2021 to April 2022, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) Non Factorial, consisting of 7 treatment levels, namely: N0 = no treatment (control), N1 = Mindi leaf extract concentration 5% (50 m/l water), N2 = Mindi leaf extract 10% (100 ml.l water), N3 = Mindi leaf extract concentration 15% (150 m/l water), N4 Babadotan concentration 5 % (50 ml/l air), N5 = 10% concentration of Babadotan leaf extract (100 ml/lair), N6 = 15% concentration of Babadotan leaf extract (150 ml/lair), with repetition 3. Parameters observed for Armyworm Mortality (%), LC50, LT50, the proportion of the effectiveness of vegetable insecticides on armyworm mortality and the amount of feed consumed. The results showed that the application of vegetable insecticides had a significant and very significant effect on armyworm mortality from 4 days after application to 10 days after application with the highest mortality proportion at a concentration of 15%. The LC50 values of the plant insecticides mindi leaves and babadotan leaves were almost the same, namely 4.69 and 4.48%. The LT 50 value for a concentration of 15% showed that babadotan leaf extract was faster than mindi leaf extract, namely mindi leaves 5.145 days and babadotan leaves 4.633 days. Concentrations of 10 and 15 % of the 2 plant extracts tested showed the same effectiveness on mortality of S. litura caterpillars and higher dissolving concentrations of 5%. The amount of feed consumed was also significantly different with the highest amount of feed in the control treatment (60.75 g) followed by the treatment of mindi leaves and babadotan leaves at concentrations of 15, 10, and 5%.