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One of the deadliest diseases, heart disease, claims millions of lives every year worldwide. The biomedical data collected by health service providers (HSPs) contain private information about the patient and are subject to general privacy concerns, and the sharing of the data is restricted under global privacy laws. Furthermore, the sharing and collection of biomedical data have a significant network communication cost and lead to delayed heart disease prediction. To address the training latency, communication cost, and single point of failure, we propose a hybrid framework at the client end of HSP consisting of modified artificial bee colony optimization with support vector machine (MABC-SVM) for optimal feature selection and classification of heart disease. For the HSP server, we proposed federated matched averaging to overcome privacy issues in this paper. We tested and evaluated our proposed technique and compared it with the standard federated learning techniques on the combined cardiovascular disease dataset. Our experimental results show that the proposed hybrid technique improves the prediction accuracy by 1.5%, achieves 1.6% lesser classification error, and utilizes 17.7% lesser rounds to reach the maximum accuracy.

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Background: Biliary strictures(BS) possess challenging diagnosis, requiring a multidisciplinary approach. In gastrointestinal clinical practice, the occurrence of biliary strictures is quite common. Multiple diagnostic techniques are used to examine BS in which endoscopic management is considered comparatively effective and non-invasive intervention. Objective: The study aimed to observe the impact of the endoscopic management of unresectable malignant biliary strictures on the patients' quality of life (QoL). Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Surgical Ward IV Civil Hospital Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 80 patients with diagnosed unresectable malignant stricture, aged between 18 to 70 years, those with disease duration of more than eight weeks and life expectancy > 1 month were included in the study. In addition to the baseline characteristics along with the pre and post-treatment quality of life was assessed, and the mean values were compared statistically using SPSS version 19.0. Results: The mean total score of QoL improved from 71.47 ± 0.88 at baseline to 84.12 ± 1.93 after 30 days of endoscopic management of unresectable malignant biliary strictures. Conclusion: There was a significant improvement in the patient's QoL after 30 days of endoscopic management of unresectable biliary stricture.