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Little millet belongs to the family Poaceae, sub-family Panicoideae and the tribe Paniceae (Rachie, 1975). It is grown indigenously in the tropics and sub tropics. It is a drought tolerant crop and requires less amount of water to complete its life cycle. Little millet is widely distributed in temperate zone of Asia and tropical region of the world. Among Indian states, mainly Tamil Nadu, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Maharastra and Orrisa. In Madhya Pradesh, a number of land races of little millet are grown widely in Rewa, Sahadol, Satna, Anuppur, Shidhi, Umaria, and Singarauli district (Jain and Singh, 2008). It is rich in vitamin B, minerals like potassium, phosphorus, iron, zinc and magnesium. Therefore it can address nutritional sensitive agriculture, which aims at nutritional enhancement to combat the present scenario of micronutrient malnutrition (Arunachalam

The present study was performed to analyze molecular diversity among different varieties of rice using SSR markers, which are effective and reliable tools for this type of analysis. A total of 34 different alleles were generated using 17 SSR primers. Out of these 33 alleles were found to be polymorphic and only one was monomorphic. On average, 2 alleles per primer and 1.94 polymorphic alleles per primer was calculated. In the cluster analysis three varieties KATKIRICE, SONUMRICE and 1010 were found to be diverse from other varieties of rice. These varieties may be used as diverse parents for the future breeding programs for rice improvement. According to Jaccard’s similarity coefficient, the highest genetic diversity was observed between KATKIRICE and CHANDRAHASNI. Both varieties were grouped distantly. Out of 17 primers, the best 10 primers were selected based on polymorphic banding patterns for genetic diversity analysis. These selected 10 primers are sufficient to discriminate the group of rice varieties. These findings not only highlight the capacity of the SSR technique but also help in the selection of diverse rice varieties for conservation and crop improvement.

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