Abstract. Oxaliplatin, a platinumbased chemotherapy drug, frequently causes acute and chronic peripheral neuropathies including mechanical hyperalgesia. These adverse effects hinder anti cancer therapy with the drug. In this study, we examined several drugs that might prevent oxaliplatininduced peripheral neuropathy. Single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of oxaliplatin (10 mg/kg) induced cold allodynia (acetone test) and mechanical hyperalgesia (von Frey test). Gabapentin, but not simvastatin and atorvastatin, prevented oxaliplatininduced mechanical hyperalgesia without affecting cold allodynia. Moreover, oxaliplatin caused phosphorylation of cofilin protein in the spinal cord, which has been shown to be involved in the neuropathic hyperal gesia. This increased phosphorylation of cofilin was also attenuated by gabapentin treatment. These results suggest that gabapentin is useful for relieving oxaliplatininduced mechanical hyper algesia and that the pathogenic mechanisms of cold allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia differ.