For more effective management of water distribution network in an arid region, Mapinfo GIS (8.0) software was coupled with a hydraulic model (EPANET 2.0) and applied to a case study region, Chetouane, situated in the north-west of Algeria. The area is characterized not only by water scarcity but also by poor water management practices. The results showed that a combination of GIS and modeling permits network operators to better analyze malfunctions with a resulting more rapid response as well as facilitating in an improved understanding of the work performed on the network. The grouping of GIS and modeling as an operating tool allows managers to diagnosis a network, to study solutions of problems and to predict future situations. The later can assist them in making informed decisions to ensure an acceptable performance level for optimal network operation.

The application of sewage sludge for fertilization purposes and soil amendment is arousing great interest within the scientific community in the last few years especially as the consumption of commercial fertilizers is continuously increasing and most farmers could not bear the additional cost in the rise in fertilizer prices. The objective of this research is to study the specification of sewage sludge from drying beds of Jijel wastewater treatment plant, dewatered by natural evaporation in order to assess its potential for agricultural reuse as a soil amendment. It is a sludge resulting from the secondary treatment of domestic sewage by activated sludge processes (biological treatment). A good characterization of sewage sludge goes through several steps to assess its quality and its compliance with the established requirements and guidelines for agricultural valorization in Algeria. Physicochemical analysis showed that the sewage sludge contains significant quantities of major nutrients (N, P, K) and moderate amounts of secondary nutrients (Ca, Mg, S), It is generally rich in organic matter with an average of 41.2%. The most harmful heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Cd, Se, and Hg) found are present in small amounts and still below accepted standards. Some beneficial microelements for plant growth such as Fe, Co, and Mn are detected in varying quantities. For bacteriological characteristics, both of total and fecal coliforms are identified in sewage sludge with 8.1 × 10 3 and 1.1 × 10 3 cfu/g, respectively, but we have noticed an absence of Salmonella.

A B S T R A C TOrganic, thermal, and chemical pollutions that are injected either on purpose or accidentally in the river hydrosystems are transported under the effect of an average fluid motion by convection, and disseminated in the river hydrosystems by turbulent agitation. These two processes control the pollution in a natural watercourse. The goal of this paper is to study the evolution of an active pollutant dispersion, in this case phenol, in time and space, inside a trapezoidal channel. After presenting the experimental apparatus, designed and manufactured in our laboratory, several types of tests are carried out by injecting the selected pollutant inside the channel, with different concentrations of the phenol solutions. Treatments and analyses of the different tests were conducted, highlighting the evolution of the phenol concentration in time and space, with profiles in the lateral and longitudinal flow directions. A qualitative understanding of the specific phenomenal pollutant movement is described in detail, showing experimental results in agreement with general theories describing the phenomenal pollutants movement in prismatic experimental channels studied previously.

No abstract

No abstract