The body size of vertebrates isolated on islands can undergo changes due to ecological features of these environments. This study aimed to compare the body size of the common opossum, Didelphis aurita, from different insular populations within the same archipelago in southern Brazil. The opossum populations showed corporal variation and different hypotheses were raised to understand the results. This study constitutes the most detailed body size comparison of a marsupial within different insular populations in the Neotropical zone and the data gathered represents an initial contribution for regional fauna biometric knowledge.Keywords: archipelago, Atlantic Rainforest, biometry, insular population, sexual dimorphism. Tamanho corpóreo de gambás Didelphis aurita Wied-Neuwied 1826 (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae) em ilhas no sul do BrasilResumo O tamanho corpóreo de vertebrados isolados em ilhas pode sofrer alterações em função das particularidades ecoló-gicas desses ambientes. O presente trabalho comparou o tamanho corpóreo de gambás, Didelphis aurita, em ilhas costeiras de um mesmo arquipélago no Sul do Brasil e encontrou diferenças de tamanho entre as localidades. Os gambás apresentaram variações para as medidas corporais e diferentes hipóteses foram consideradas para entender os resultados. Esta é a comparação mais detalhada de tamanho corpóreo entre populações insulares de um marsupial neotropical e uma contribuição inicial para o conhecimento da biometria da fauna regional.Palavras-chave: arquipélago, biometria, dimorfismo sexual, Mata Atlântica, população insular.
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