Cognitive defects in migraine have been reported by several authors. These findings however, are controversial. In this study we carried out an investigation on 14 patients with migraine with aura and 16 with migraine without aura according to the International Headache Society criteria. They were submitted to a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests. The patients were compared with a control group not significantly different as to age, sex and education. Migraine subjects showed impaired neuropsychological performances only on some cognitive tests. Both groups of patients did worse than the control group on visuo-spatial memory tasks, while only migraineurs without aura showed significantly impaired verbal memory performances. The memory defects, both on visuo-spatial and on verbal cognitive tasks, could depend on an impaired recall mechanism. These memory difficulties seem related to strategically and organizationally defective aspects of learning.

A covalently assembled monolayer of 61-(p-hydroxyphenylmethano)fullerene [C60] molecules has been synthesized. Both static and dynamic contact angle measurements show that the hydrophobic character increases upon the fullerene linkage. Atomic force microscopy lithography shows that the depth of the monolayer is about 19 Å. UV−vis spectra are well-tuned with the presence of the fullerene on the silica surfaces. The surface atomic composition, investigated by angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectra, shows a monotonic increase of the carbon signal upon decreasing the photoelectron takeoff angles, thus confirming the upper layer nature of this signal. Room-temperature photoluminescence spectra, under controlled atmosphere, show that the oxygen presence influences considerably the luminescence quantum yield.

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