Health care professionals should consider the quality of any CPG for T2DM before deciding to use it in their daily clinical practice. Three CPGs have been identified, using the AGREE criteria, as high-quality and trustworthy. Ideally, the resources provided by the AGREE trust including the AGREE II Instrument should be used by a clinician to scan through the large number of published T2DM CPGs to identify the CPGs with high methodological quality and applicability.

Background Vaccination is considered the best way to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and to prevent the complications of the disease. Nevertheless, no awareness campaigns were conducted in Saudi Arabia until March 1, 2021, when the Vaxzevria, or ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222), vaccine became available. Objectives This study aims to determine the factors that can predict healthcare workers’ acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from July to September 2021, in our university tertiary hospital (King Saud University Medical City [KSUMC]), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study targeted potential participants among healthcare workers at KSUMC. We assessed healthcare workers’ perceptions and beliefs about the COVID-19 vaccine via a questionnaire that was distributed via social media applications such as WhatsApp, Twitter, and Google. Participants were informed about the questionnaire before they filled it out, and they were asked to respond to three screening questions before beginning the main questionnaire. These screening questions ensured that the participants met the inclusion criteria. Included participants were over the age of 18, agreed to answer the questions, and were residents of Saudi Arabia. The participants filled out the self-administered questionnaire. Results A total of 529 participants completed the questionnaires. All participants were vaccinated, 68% were female, 55% were married, 35% had been working for less than five years, and 65% had a bachelor’s degree. More than half of participants had not previously been infected with COVID-19, and most did not interact with COVID-19 patients. More convenient access to the vaccine increased the odds ratio of participant vaccination by 0.39. An increase in the number of vaccinated friends and family members increased the odds ratio of participant vaccination by 0.30. However, COVID- 19 vaccination mandates decreased the odds ratio of participant vaccination by 0.27. The fitted linear regression model explained 32% of the variation observed in the dependent variable, acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine, and the adjusted R squared was 0.32. The fitted regression model was statistically significant at a 95% confidence interval; the p-value was 0.00001. Conclusion In Saudi Arabia, there is an immense need to increase uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine. This requires encouraging more positive beliefs and attitudes regarding vaccination in general and the COVID-19 vaccine in particular.

Background: Research on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is generally lacking in the Gulf countries, a region with unique cultural features that might influence expectations and selfperception of the disease. Little, if any, is known about the knowledge and attitude among women in Taif toward PMS. The shortage of such data in the general female Saudi population, too, emphasizes this concept, and hence the need to research on it. Objectives: To study knowledge and attitude of woman attending PHCCs, MOH toward PMS as well as to identify factors affecting them. Subjects and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted consists of Saudi female aged 13-50 years attending PHCCs, MOH in Taif. Taif city has 17 PHCCs affiliated to MOH, among which 8 centers were selected, using random number generator software program. The participants were selected using "systematic random sampling" technique. The spacing unit between sample fractions was 4, thus, every 4th patient was selected. An Arabic self-administered questionnaire was used. It consisted of four sections. The first section is on the socio-demographic and reproductive characteristic of the participants. The second section covered the medical and reproductive history. The third section addressed PMS diagnostic criteria, as developed by the University of California at San Diego (UCSD) and the National Institute of Mental Health which. The fourth section of the questionnaire involved their knowledge about PMS. Results: The study included 249 females. Their age ranged between 13 and 50 years (mean 30.6±9.6 years). Almost onethird of the participants (33.7%) reported family history of PMS. The prevalence rate of PMS among them was 61.4%. Only 14.1% of women recognized correctly that PMS is a gynecological disease while 32.5% recognized that it necessitates medical consultation. When women asked if they were PMS patients, what they will do, 30.9% of them answered that they will use medical treatment, 22.1% will consult physician and 13.6% will use traditional therapy. Almost onequarter of them (23.3%) responded that they will do nothing. Most of participated women (76.7%) responded that they will benefit others. Conclusion: PMS is a common problem in Taif, Saudi Arabia. The number of women who will seek medical advice or treatment for premenstrual syndrome if they were PMS patients is not very promising since the disorders of the menstrual cycle, and its associated complications are taboo in Taif society.