This study aims to examine changes in enterprise management during the COVID-19 pandemic and develop a universal mechanism for managing digital transformation. Its methodological basis is represented by a terminological analysis of the concepts of automation, digitalisation and digital transformation. Their close consideration enables us to form a conceptual scheme of business digitalisation. In sum, the study process shows that full-fledged and fruitful digital transformation can be achieved through restructuring a company’s business process management system. By comparing the outcomes of using digital platform-based business models, the most promising one was selected for use. Its practical application was studied in Azerbaijan, Russia, and Switzerland using the Network Readiness Index (NRI). The analysis made it possible to form business development strategies for each country reviewed and to develop a universal mechanism for digital transformation management by means of optimisation and modelling. The findings suggest that in pandemic settings, digital enterprise management concentrates on survival, self-learning and cooperation without intermediaries through innovation and the transformation of business processes. The strategies can be used to adopt digital technologies and attract investment. Further research can be directed at detailing the proposed mechanism.

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The objectives of the study are to analyze changes in consumer surplus and protect the social interest of poor households (HHs) in the transition from a state monopoly over the electricity sector to the market. For this purpose, the volume of HH electricity consumption by various incomes was calculated, the electricity demand function of HHs and the marginal cost of generating electricity were constructed. A methodology is given for calculating the electricity demand function for HHs and prices in an equilibrium market. The consumer surplus and its change are calculated. As well as there are given some recommendations to reduce the social burden for certain HH groups while raising prices in the transition from a monopoly to the market, and the amount for the state subsidy for poor HHs.

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Considering that the modified and improved ICT service becomes a commodity in the domestic and foreign markets, it can be said with complete certainty that the improved service in the domestic market, i. e. as a commodity, meets the demand of domestic consumers. But the updated and improved ICT services’ entering foreign markets necessarily complete with other similar services available in those markets. Thus, the object of the study is new innovative ICT services that join the competition in the field of foreign trade and act as the main criterion for measuring the competitiveness of international economic relations. Different factors affect a competitive economy, which include the innovation activity, investment environment, effective spending, existing infrastructure, business security, human capital, social stability, political stability. World experience demonstrates that the competitiveness indicator of developed countries is based on technological advantages, while the competitiveness indicator of developing countries is based on resource advantages. The study aims to analyze and assess of Azerbaijan's ICT innovations impact on competitiveness of foreign economic relations. In this article are studied: 1) the role of innovations in the ICT sector like as high-tech field of economy; 2) the disclosure of the position of the ICT sector in the foreign economic activity field; 3) analysis and assessment of ICT innovations impact on competitiveness of foreign economic relations in Azerbaijan. In conclusion, author suggested some recommendations for Azerbaijan ICT sector activity improving by innovations in sphere of foreign economic relations. Author used to foreign statistical sources, as well as state statistical collections of Azerbaijan in this article.