The SARS-CoV-2 causes severe pulmonary infectious disease with an exponential spread-ability. In the present research, we have tried to look into the molecular cause of disease, dealing with the development and spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, different approaches have investigated against disease development and infection in this research; First, We identified hsa-miR-1307-3p out of 1872 pooled microRNAs, as the best miRNA, with the highest affinity to SARS-CoV-2 genome and its related cell signaling pathways. Second, the findings presented that this miRNA had a considerable role in PI3K/Act, endocytosis, and type 2 diabetes, moreover, it may play a critical role in the prevention of GRP78 production and the virus entering, proliferation and development. Third, nearly 1033 medicinal herbal compounds were collected and docked with ACE2, TMPRSS2, GRP78, and AT1R receptors, which were the most noticeable receptors in causing the COVID-19. Among them, there were three common compounds including berbamine, hypericin, and hesperidin, which were more effective and appropriate to prevent the COVID-19 infection. Also, it was revealed some of these chemical compounds which had a greater affinity for AT1R receptor inhibitors can be suitable therapeutic targets for inhibiting AT1R and preventing the adverse side effects of this receptor. According to the result, clinical assessment of these three herbal compounds and hsa-miR-1307-3p may have significant outcomes for the prevention, control, and treatment of COVID-19 infection.

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Background: The cause of COVID-19 global pandemic is SARS-CoV-2. Given the outbreak of this disease, it is so important to find a treatment. One strategy to cope with COVID-19 is to use the active ingredients of medicinal plants. In this study, the effect of active substances was surveyed in inhibiting four important druggable targets, including S protein, 3CLpro, RdRp, and N protein. RdRp controls the replication of SARS-CoV-2 and is crucial for its life cycle. 3CLpro is the main protease of the virus and could be another therapeutic target. Moreover, N protein and S protein are responsible for SARS-CoV-2 assembly and attaching, respectively.   Methods: The 3D structures of herbal active ingredients were prepared and docked with the mentioned SARS-CoV-2 proteins to obtain their affinity. Then, available antiviral drugs introduced in other investigations were docked using similar tools and compared with the results of this study. Finally, other properties of natural compounds were uncovered for drug designing.   Results: The outcomes of the study revealed that Linarin, Amentoflavone, (-)-Catechin Gallate and Hypericin from Chrysanthemum morifolium, Hypericum perforatum, Humulus lupulus, and Hibiscus sabdariffa had the highest affinity for these basic proteins and in some cases, their affinity was much higher than antiviral medicines.   Conclusion: In addition to having high affinity, these herb active ingredients have antioxidant, vasoprotective, anticarcinogenic, and antiviral properties. Therefore, they can be used as extremely safe therapeutic compounds in drug design studies to control COVID-19.

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