This review covers the synthesis of achiral diarylmethanols, diaryl and triarylmethanes and the bioactivities of diaryl and triarylmethanes during 1995 to 2013.

Objectives Fetuin-A is a circulating glycoprotein, formed in the liver. It regulates bone remodelling and calcium metabolism. Fetuin-A has adipogenic properties, so fat accumulation in the liver may be associated with higher levels of fetuin-A. Fetuin-A is an inhibitor of the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor tyrosine kinase. Key findings High concentrations of fetuin-A in humans causes insulin resistance. Insulin sensitivity is also found to be increased in fetuin-A knockout mice. Fetuin-A has been shown to cause insulin resistivity in type-2 diabetes mellitus and worsens the pro-atherogenic milieu. Summary Fetuin-A should be considered as a hepatic bio-marker. Vascular diseases like atherosclerosis are major causes of disability in patients with diabetes mellitus.

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Unsymmetrical di and triarylmethanes are generally synthesized through metal-catalyzed cross-coupling or Friedel-Crafts arylation via multistep harsh reaction conditions using pre-functionalized starting materials. These reaction protocols use pyrophoric materials like Grignard...