This article presents a simplified approach for the tracking of ageing
and temperature effects in Lithium-ion cells via a balanced cell voltage
approach. This balanced cell approach is obtained from the principle of
moments of forces based on fundamental physics, in line with the market
definition paradigm. Qualitative and quantitative results obtained show
that indeed the balance voltage does track ageing and temperature
phenomena in these cells. For example, using a chemistry, a safe maximum
balance voltage of about 3.23 V while a minimum of about 3.10 V over
2000 cycles was obtained. Similar qualitative and quantitative results
were obtained tracking temperature variation effects over a single
cycle. This approach will make implementation of cell (and expectedly
battery pack) state tracking more cost effective for typical usage
scenarios.
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