No abstract

T~e p~pose of this =epor~is to descriJe the mechanics of tire roll-:ng loss suf~ic:en~ly s~~ha~those interested in~nders~anding~~el cons~' ion in vebic:es may make comparative assessments c~poten~ial~:res for given vehicle weights, tire i~flaticn pressures, and~ire cons~ruc~ion features.

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The characteristic equation governing the propagation of waves of pure torsion in a hollow cylindrical rod are developed, and values of the characteristic numbers governing the velocity of torsion wave propagation for the first five modes of motion are presented for both solid rods and various geometries of hollow cylindrical rods. The extremes of geometry are also investigated, that is, the case when the radius of the hole in the rod approaches zero and the case where the wall thickness of the rod approaches zero. The presence of the central hole in the cylinder has no effect on the velocity of propagation of these waves for the primary mode, but for higher modes the wave velocities increase with decreasing ratios of wall thickness to outside diameter.

The development of a novel system integrating SU-8 micro-grippers with a tensile force sensor for handling and characterising the mechanical properties of delicate biological samples, such as fibrils, is presented. The micro-grippers are actuated by the electro-thermal effect and have gripping forces comparable to the common "hot-and-cold-arm" grippers. A thorough and robust finite element model was developed for design optimisation and validated experimentally. A new micro-mechanical calibration method using a piezoelectric manipulator with a force measurement system was successfully applied to test the structure.