This study reports the lowest incidence of pediatric TBI that results in death or hospitalization to date. One half of severely injured patients suffered poor outcomes. A greater proportion of nonmetropolitan than metropolitan residents suffered severe TBI and had higher mortality and case-fatality rates.

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In our study sample, there is wide variation in the uses of EUS and the training pediatric emergency physicians receive in its use.

Race/ethnicity is associated with different analgesic prescription patterns in children treated in the emergency department for a long-bone fracture.

When given the opportunity to make an informed decision, more parents chose intravenous rehydration. However, the prospect of an effective oral antiemetic medication might lead more parents to choose oral rehydration.