Abstract. A wide variety of methods are used in archaeological research today, including 3D imaging techniques (photogrammetry) which are involved at different stages starting from explorations preceding excavation to multiple studies. The archaeologically obtained material includes anthropological findings, among which odontological (related to human teeth) are of interest as they are composed of resistible tissues (hence are preserved well) and can serve for biological as well as historical interpretations. However, among the methods employed in odontological studies some are destructive and bring to unwelcome irreversible changes or even complete loss of the analysed samples. However, the existing and rapidly-developing techniques, especially, referring to 3D imaging and prototyping, suggest different approaches which can facilitate avoiding undesirable consequences of invasive methods of research. Thus they can provide for either preservation of findings through development and application of non-invasive study techniques, or, at least, preserve data referring the findings which have to be destroyed in order to receive valuable, in terms of research, information. It is shown on the example of the studied mandibular fragment from the Early Bronze archaeological site of Shengavit how multidisciplinary cooperation and the described workflow contribute to preservation of information regarding the finding and possible restoration of its original features. An effective communication between different professionals was provided due to implementing non-contact measurements techniques, obtaining and processing 3D images and 3D printing.

Aim:The aim of the present work was to compare the elastic properties and internal structure of 4 different CAD/CAM chairside materials, by the method of Scanning Impulse Acoustic Microscopy (SIAM).Methods:Four chairside CAD/CAM materials with different structures from hybrid ceramic (VITA Enamic, VITA Zahnfabrik), feldspatic ceramic (VITABlocs Mark II, VITA Zahnfabrik), leucite glass-ceramic (IPS Empress CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) and PMMA (Telio CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) were examined by Scanning Impulse Acoustic Microscope (SIAM).Results:The results of micromorphological research of CAD/CAM chairside materials using SIAM method showed differences between the internal structures of these materials. The internal structure of feldspatic and glass-ceramic samples revealed the presence of pores with different sizes, from 10 to 100 microns; the structure of polymer materials rendered some isolated defects, while in the structure of hybrid material, defects were not found.Conclusion:Based on the results obtained from the present study, in cases of chairside production of dental crowns, it would be advisable to give preference to the blocks of hybrid ceramics. Such ceramics devoid of quite large porosity, glazing for CAD/CAM crowns made from leucite glass-ceramic and feldspatic ceramic may be an option. For these purposes, commercially available special muffle furnace for clinical and laboratory individualization and glazing of ceramic prostheses were provided. Further studies are needed to confirm the evidence emerging from the present research.

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> One of the most widely used methods of prosthetic treatment in dentistry is restoration of damaged teeth by artificially fabricated crowns, which, regardless of technological variations, always pass through modelling stage. The main two methods of restoration modelling are traditionally used manual and becoming more advanced and widespread computer-aided, or digital. A similar situation is observed in odontometry – tooth measurements – where manual and digital approaches meet, fuse and new methods, as automated digital odontometry, appear. In this study the measurement method is applied to crowns modelled by different dental technicians on trial basis for teeth, prepared on stone cast model of complete dental arches. The same plaster models, before and after tooth preparations, as well as after modelling tooth crowns manually, were scanned for comparative and modelling (this time using computer-aided techniques) reasons. The obtained 3D images were used for measurements by digital automated odontometry to estimate differences of modelled crowns with initial shape of intact, subjected to experimental preparation and restoration, tooth. Comparisons were made within each, manual and digital, crown modelling groups as well; thus comparisons of proposed on default by professional dental software crown shapes were made, and in line with it the influence of different technicians adjustments on modelling precision was estimated. At the same time the measurement method was tested as well by determining the most characteristic differentiating odontometric parameters for the study, which is held largely due to and on the basis of photogrammetric techniques.</p>

Цель исследования-сравнительная клиническая оценка результатов ортопедического лечения больных с дефектами твердых тканей моляров chairside CAD/CAM коронками из различных материалов. Материал и методы. В исследовании участвовали 30 пациентов в возрасте от 19 до 60 лет (18 мужчин, 12 женщин) с дефектами твердых тканей моляров. Для исследования были отобраны блоки из гибридной керамики VITA Enamic, блоки из полевошпатной керамики VITABlocs Mark II, блоки из лейцитной стеклокерамики IPS Empress CAD, так как данные материалы имеют разрешение к применению на территории РФ. Для клинической оценки качества ортопедического лечения мы использовали «Клинические критерии оценки прямых и непрямых реставраций», разработанные FDI в 2007 г., которые включали оценку нескольких эстетических, функциональных и биологических параметров. Мы также включили 2 дополнительных критериальных показателя: состояние зуба-антагониста и гигиеническое состояние протеза в сравнении с гигиеной естественных зубов. Все пациенты были рандомизированы на 3 группы по 10 человек. После лечения клиническая оценка качества проводилась в следующие временные интервалы: через 30 мин, 1, 6, 12, 18 и 24 мес после фиксации коронки. Результаты. Клиническая оценка результатов ортопедического лечения 30 пациентов chairside CAD/CAM коронками на моляры верхней и нижней челюстей, изготовленными из трех различных керамических материалов, не выявила существенных различий по «Клиническим критериям оценки прямых и непрямых реставраций» в течение 24 мес. Ключевые слова: CAD/CAM, chairsideтехнология, гибридная керамика, лейцитная стеклокерамика, полевошпатная керамика, клиническая оценка, критерии качества, краевой зазор, износ коронки, краевое прилегание коронки.

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