Abstract:The

No abstract

No abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study is to review the literature to provide a better understanding of effectiveness of orthopantomogram in determining mandibular vertical measurements. Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted through the Medline database (Entrez PubMed), Web of Science, and Scopus. All the articles in which the primary objective was to investigate the effectiveness of orthopantomograph in diagnosing mandibular asymmetry in the vertical plane were included in the meta-analysis. Results: Out of 100 potentially relevant articles, only 18 met all the inclusion criteria. The rest all other articles were excluded that were not filling the initial selection criteria, and which did not actually address the accuracy of panoramic radiograph in assessing asymmetry with reasons. Conclusion: Caution is advised when using conventional or digital panoramic images to assess vertical measurements. Vertical measurements are usually more accurate than horizontal measurements and angular measurements, but still they are not the true representation of the real objects. Therefore, understanding the limitations of every form of panoramic imaging is required. Future studies with panoramic images generated from three-dimensional data are required to determine whether they overcome the limitations of conventional and digital panoramic images.

Ethno-medicinal plants are a major source of phytochemicals that provide traditional medicinal treatment for various diseases. As a result, phytochemical analysis of ethnomedicinal plants is gaining momentum recently for new drug discovery processes. Keeping this thought in mind, the current study was carried out to determine the qualitative nature of the areal part of Byttneria herbacea. Phytochemical screening of the ethanolic extracts of the areal parts of Byttneria herbacea was performed and the total phenolic contents by using the Folin–Ciocalteu (F-C) technique. The ethanolic extracts were assessed for antioxidant activity by measuring decolourizing activity followed by capturing the unpaired electron from the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Phytochemical testing indicated the presence of the most important phyto compounds like alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides, phenols, and saponins. Aside from that, the ethanolic extracts had a total phenol content of 185.25 mg/g (reported as Gallic acid equivalents, GAE). The antioxidant activity was found to be satisfactory. The presence of the phenolic components of the plant is connected to the antioxidant potency.