Blockchain-and smart-contract technology enhance the effectiveness and automation of business processes. The rising interest in the development of decentralized autonomous organizations (DAO) shows that blockchain technology has the potential to reform business and society. A DAO is an organization wherein business rules are encoded in smart-contract programs that are executed when specified rules are met. The contractual-and business semantics are sine qua non for drafting a legally-binding smart contract in DAO collaborations. Several smart-contract languages (SCLs) exist, such as SPESC, or Symboleo to specify a legally-binding contract. However, their primary focus is on designing and developing smart contracts with the cooperation of IT-and non-IT users. Therefore, this paper fills a gap in the state of the art by specifying a smart-legal-contract markup language (SLCML) for legal-and business constructs to draft a legally-binding DAO. To achieve the paper objective, we first present a formal SCL ontology to describe the legal-and business semantics of a DAO. Secondly, we translate the SCL ontology into SLCML, for which we present the XML schema definition. We demonstrate and evaluate our SLCML language through the specification of a real life-inspired Sale-of-Goods contract. Finally, the SLCML use-case code is translated into Solidity to demonstrate its feasibility for blockchain platform implementations.

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Cloud computing become more popular in every field of life nowadays. This happened only due to its amazing services that provide to clients in the form of everything-as-aservice(XaaS). Where at one side cloud computing is gaining popularity and another side its faces some issues i.e. security issue, total cost issue, energy consumption issue, performance issue, QoS issue, etc. In above all challenges the quality of services is the most noticeable challenge and affects the cloud computing services. Quality of services can be improved by considering the several factors, scheduling of workload for suitable cloud computing resources one of them. If the cloud computing resources are scheduled accurately, it affects the response time of services, total cost of cloud resources, reduce the energy consumption, reduce the CO2 emission and enhance the performance of whole cloud system. In this paper, we characterize a comparative review of multiobjective workflow scheduling algorithms that are listed below.

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