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We investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating the effects of Angelica gigas Nakai extract (AGNE) through the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)/NF-κB pathway using in vitro and in vivo atopic dermatitis (AD) models. We examined the effects of AGNE on the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in human mast cell line-1 (HMC-1) cells. Compound 48/80-induced pruritus and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene- (DNCB-) induced AD-like skin lesion mouse models were also used to investigate the antiallergic effects of AGNE. AGNE reduced histamine secretion, production of proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10, and expression of cyclooxygenase- (COX-) 2 in HMC-1 cells. Scratching behavior and DNCB-induced AD-like skin lesions were also attenuated by AGNE administration through the reduction of serum IgE, histamine, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6 levels, and COX-2 expression in skin tissue from mouse models. Furthermore, these inhibitory effects were mediated by the blockade of the MAPKs and NF-κB pathway. The findings of this study proved that AGNE improves the scratching behavior and atopy symptoms and reduces the activity of various atopy-related mediators in HMC-1 cells and mice model. These results suggest the AGNE has a therapeutic potential in anti-AD.

We encapsulated recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) into nano-liposomes (NLs) system for topical delivery. The rhEGF-loaded NLs were prepared using a high pressure homogenization method. Morphology and overall particle distribution of NLs were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high resolution microscope (CytoViva™). Particle size, zeta (ζ) potential and encapsulation efficiency were measured and the percutaneous delivery of NLs was evaluated using Franz diffusion cells and immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The mean particle size, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency of the NLs were 155.57 ± 2.59 nm, -57.92 ± 4.35 mV and 9.00 ± 0.39%, respectively. TEM and microscopic analysis showed spherical, very even-sized vesicles approximately 150 nm. The skin permeation and localization of rhEGF were enhanced by NLs. CLSM image analysis provided that the NLs enhanced the permeation and localization of rhEGF in rat skin by facilitating entry through pores of skin.

The findings of this study verified that AGNE significantly improves clinical symptoms and reduces the activity of various inflammatory mediators. These results indicate the AGNE has the therapeutic potential in mice with DSS-induced UC.

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