This paper presents a sidewalk pavement width design method for making more pedestrian friendly and walk-inspiring sidewalk pavements in the urban area. Instead of using the current sidewalk pavement width design standard that usually leads to having minimum values, this research investigated pedestrians' preferences on the levels of service, surveyed actual foot path trajectories in the sidewalk pavements, and observed pedestrian movement characteristics in the streets. Further, these investigation results were summarized to propose a new urban sidewalk pavement width determination procedure. The proposed procedure was applied in a case study site in Seoul, and its application resulted in a much higher pedestrian level of service. It is anticipated that the proposed method should be of service in both planning and retrofitting urban streets to make more pedestrian sensitive street designs.

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SUMMARYThis study proposed a behavioral theory-based approach to better assess pedestrian levels of service for sidewalks, using the concepts of personal space and pedestrian evasive movements. Data from pedestrian interviews and video recordings at 28 commercial, residential, and leisure locations were used to analyze the effects of pedestrian movements on pedestrian perceived levels of service. With these results, a new measure of pedestrian level of service was developed. With the use of a separate validation sample, the revised levels of service obtained were found to be more consistent with the pedestrian perceived levels than the levels prescribed by the Korean Highway Capacity Manual. Hence, this research recommended the use of the revised measures for pedestrian level of service in the design and evaluation of pedestrian facilities. We also found that pedestrian evasive movements on sidewalks could better explain pedestrians' perception of the levels of service for a given facility. Moreover, pedestrian evasive movements were found to be sensitive to the width of the sidewalk and pedestrian volume.

SUMMARYThis paper presents the results of a study conducted to examine the characteristics of human-centered design and pedestrians' perceptions of street design features. The main emphasis was to determine the existence of empirical evidence that human-centered design increases pedestrian satisfaction levels and enhances community walkability. The following approach was applied in the study: (i) the existing research concerning walkable community and pedestrian facility designs was reviewed; (ii) survey data from pedestrian interviews regarding urban streets as well as the detailed geometric features of the interview sites were gathered; (iii) statistical analysis to determine whether pedestrians actually feel more satisfied when they walk in areas with human-centered design was conducted based on actual pedestrian interview scores for various street design features; and (iv) major design features to increase pedestrian satisfaction levels were identified. The study results show that pedestrians perceived planting strips as the most important design element that would increase the satisfaction scores whereas they perceived the presence of driveways and the number of vehicle lanes as design elements that that would diminish the scores. Overall, the valuable findings of this research provide evidence of the various effects of the application of human-centered design and improve our understanding of walkable communities.

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