This research aims to investigate synthesis parameters for modification of chitosan with enrofloxacin. Most modifications of chitosan are focused on amino group. There are many methods for modification of chitosan, for example, conjugation of amino group with carboxylic group by coupling agents. 1-Ethyl-3-(3-(dimethylamino) propyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (WSC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) are widely used coupling agents for amide formation under mild conditions. Those two coupling agents were applied in this study. Optimum amount and ratio of coupling agents, amount of enrofloxacin and reaction times were investigated. The chemical structures were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The optimum synthesis conditions were determined from the absorbance ratios. Chitosan-enrofloxacin has antibacterial activity against both S. aureus and E. coli.

Summary: This research aims to prepare antibacterial rubber from a natural rubber (NR) composite. Calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaSO 4 Á 2H 2 O, CS), or gypsum, has been used as a non-reinforced filler for NR due to its low cost, abundant availability and non-toxicity. However, the dihydrate form cannot disperse well in the natural rubber matrix. In this study, the CS was converted to calcium sulfate anhydrite (AII) form by heat treatment. An antibacterial agent imparted antibacterial properties to the natural rubber composite. b-cyclodextrin /Triclosan inclusion complex (b-CD/TR IC) was prepared in this research and applied as antibacterial agent for natural rubber composite. The b-CD/TR IC prevents loss of the antibacterial agent during rubber processing. The natural rubber-filled calcium sulfate anhydrite composite (NR-AII) mixed with b-CD/TR IC clearly showed antibacterial activity against E. coli at b-CD/TR IC content of 6 phr and S. aureus at b-CD/TR IC content of 3 phr.