Diabetes is a real threat to health globally. It neither sees socioeconomic status nor the boundaries. There are now studies that show, at least in short term, that diabetes can be reversed. Various forms of the standard of care are available but suitability differs. Patients would surely choose reversal of their disease if given a choice. The choice can only be given if physicians are not only aware that reversal of diabetes is possible but also need to educate their patients and discuss with them various possibilities and modes of treatment. We here discuss various approaches and studies that prove that diabetes can be reversed and to what extent it is possible to reverse, the real truth about the reversal of diabetes. Apart from these approaches, further research in understanding the mechanism of diabetes reversibility and its overlapping mechanism and pathways that are lacking need to be focussed and emphasized in the future.

The lifetime risk of developing genitourinary stone is 5-12%. Males are more prone to calculus formation as compared to females. The data for the Indian population suggests that 12% of the people develop urinary calculi and half of them end up with the loss of kidney functions. Symptomatic urolithiasis represents a common condition observed by surgeons and urologists in an emergency setting. The lower third/distal ureter is the most common site for the ureteric calculus. We did this study to evaluate the efficacy of tamsulosin in the management of distal ureteral stones when administered alone or in conjugation with low-dose corticosteroid (Deflazacort) over the watchful waiting therapy using only non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. In this study the male-female ratio was 3:1. The mean age group of females was 36.04 and in males was 38.14. The mean size of stone in various groups was around 6mm. the left side of ureter was more symptomatic than the right side. Mean day use of NSAID was least in group B. Group B was the most benefitted by the medical expulsion therapy. We conclude that medical expulsive therapy is safe and effective for symptomatic and non-complicated distal ureteral stone. In addition, Tamsulosin used on its own as a medical expulsive therapy can be considered an alternative treatment in those patients who are unsuitable for steroid therapy. Deflazacort given even in low dose has the same effect as that of larger doses.

Ureteral double-J stents have become a part and parcel in contemporary urologic practice. As the use of stents is increasing, the complications are also increasing. Knot formation in the double-J stent is rare phenomenon. Twenty-seven cases have been reported till now. This case would be the 28th case to be reported, in a young male with solitary left kidney and who was on regular periodic stent substitution.

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