Packet switching in connection-oriented networks that may have multiple parallel links between pairs of switches is considered. An e cient packet-scheduling algorithm that guarantees a deterministic quality of service t o c onnections with real-time constraints is proposed { this algorithm is a generalization of some recent multiprocessor scheduling algorithms, and o ers realtime performance guarantees similar to those o ered by earlier fair-scheduling strategies such as Weighted Fair Queueing and proportional-share schemes.

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Instructors increase their students' understanding and retention of knowledge by creating more opportunities for active learning. According to cognitive psychologists, instructors should design learning activities according to the type and difficulty of the specific knowledge to be learned. Ten cognitive strategies, related to three types of knowledge, can be used to generate active learning.

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Over the years I have had the opportunity to work in and with different organizations on a variety of management science projects. Most have worked out and some have not. Every one has been a learning experience. I have accumulated some of the rules of thumb that I and other use to carry off projects. You have seen many of these rules before. Still, they bear repeating since they are constantly violated. A detailed overview of the 17 rules follows.