A proverb goes that education is the backbone of a nation. No nation can step up without educating the nation. Quality education is achieved by the better academic performance of the students. Indeed, the university is the tertiary education where the undergraduate students are enrolled to appropriate academic excellence that can be transformed to better the nation. There are a variety of positive and negative factors that affect the academic performance of undergraduate students. Here, this study endeavors to identify the success and failure factors influencing the academic performance of Rabindra University, Bangladesh. In doing so, this study is conducted based on primary data. Convenient and cluster random sampling method has been used. Two different questionnaires and opinionnaire are developed for both students and faculties as the instruments of data collection and the 4-point Likert scale of measurement is used to analyze the responses. The findings show that regular attendance, regular study, hard work, dedication & self-Confidence and Support by family members and others have a high impact on the academic performance of undergraduate students. On the other hand, insufficient effort in studying, lack of interest in the subject, the noisy and unfriendly environment in the institution influence inversely. This result will surely help the students, faculties and administration to design policies convenient for the education system of the university and the nation as a whole.