A Literary work doesnot stand in its isolation. It is created among the reality of human life. The same is true of the author; in creating a literary work, he cannot separate he himself form the reality of his envirmment. That is way, there should be message in every literary work. In other word of literary work is not free from conviction, tendency and the author's with. In reading a literary work, there shred be a connection between the author, literas work uselfrand the reader. This relationship causes literary work be meaningful and dinamic. PendahuluanKebanyakan pembicaraan mengenai telaah sastra diawali dengan usaha untuk menjelaskan pengertian sastra itu apa; karangan ini pun tidak menyimpang dari kebisaan tersebut. Usaha ini penting, sebab kita harus mengetahui apa yang kita telaah. Sering dalam bertukar pendapat mengenai sastra terjadi perbedaan hanya karena sebenarnya konsep yang dipergunakan masing-masing tidak sama. Perbedaan konsep mengenai sastra inilah yang telah menjadikan kebanyakan pembicaraan sastra terasa tak berujung pangkal. Meskipun juga diakui bahwa usaha untuk menetapkan perbedaan antara sastra dan bukan sastra tidak terlalu memuaskan, malah mungkin bisa dikatakan tidak

Salah satu definisi kebudayaan “Kebudayaan itu komunikasi, komunikasi itu kebudayaan.” Sejak kita memutuskan untuk hidup berkelompok dan menciptakan masyarakat, kebutuhan utama manusia sama sekali tidak bisa dilepaskan dari masalah komunikasi. Kita bermasyarakat menggunakan segala cara berkomunikasi: bunyi, gerak, gambar, aksara, dan segala cara lain yang sekarang sedang kita kembangkan. Sekarang, tulisan dalam bentuk apa pun hanyalah salah satu cara kita berkomunikasi. Sastra adalah tulisan, biasanya dalam bentuk lembaran kertas dan buku – sebelumnya kita menciptakan sastra di berbagai jenis lembaran lain antara lain lontar, kertas, dan layar komputer. Pembicaraan tentang sastra sekarang ini tidak hanya rentetan aksara yang ditata di buku tetapi juga yang disusun di atas lembaran atau ruang jenis lain. Itu sebabnya menulis dan menyebarluaskan karya sastra mempertimbangkan cara-cara lain yang memungkinkan cara dan kandungan karya sastra tersebar.

The doctoral thesis written by Andries 'Hans' Teeuw at the University of Utrecht is Het Bomakawya; Een oud Javaans gedicht (The Bomakawya; An old Javanese poem). It indicates that his first interest in literary studies is old Javanese literature. Later development of his career as a researcher, teacher and writer, however, gives us an image of him as a scholar who not only spent most of his time studying old manuscripts untirelessly but also was interested in almost all subjects and topics about classical as well as modern Indonesian texts. For most of us, Teeuw will be memorized as one of a small number of foreign notables in that field; he had taught, given lectures, written books, and promoted a number of Indonesian scholars not only in the field of classical studies but also in diverse fields such as linguistics, history, oral tradition and modern literature. His interest in Indonesian culture in general and literature in particular grew strongly when he came to Indonesia in the period of 1945-1947 to conduct a research on classical Javanese literary work. He had the chance to develop his interest further during his second stay, after gaining his doctoral degree, in Indonesia as a visiting professor at the University of Indonesia in the period of 1950-1951. On his return to Holland, he chaired the Indonesian Studies Program at Leiden University. Right from the very beginning, he realized that although the Indonesian language was not the only living language that had produced literary works, Indonesian language and literature wre his main interest. His first collected writings, entitled Voltooid Voorspel and written in Dutch, was published in 1952. With some modifications, the book was then Source: http://niadlova.blogdetik. com/index.php/archives/944.

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