No abstract

BackgroundPulpal pain is one of the most common and severe orofacial pain conditions with considerable adverse effects on physiological processes including learning and memory. Regular exercise is known to be effective on cognitive function as well as pain processing in the central nervous system. Here, the possible effects of regular exercise on pulpal pain response as well as pain-induced changes in learning and memory efficiency in rats were investigated.MethodsTwenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to the control, capsaicin, exercise, and exercise plus capsaicin groups. Rats in exercise groups were forced to run on a treadmill with a moderate exercise protocol for 4 weeks. Capsaicin was used to induce dental pulp pain. Passive avoidance learning and memory performance was assessed by using a shuttle box apparatus.ResultsAccording to the results, regular exercise could decrease the time course of capsaicin-induced pulpal pain (P < 0.001). Moreover, in capsaicin-treated rats, passive avoidance acquisition was impaired as compared to the control (P < 0.05) and exercise (P < 0.001) groups. Additionally, regular exercise before capsaicin injection could attenuate capsaicin-induced memory impairments (P < 0.05).ConclusionsTaken together, the present data showed that regular exercise has inhibitory effects on capsaicin-induced pulpal pain as well as pain-induced cognitive dysfunction in rats.

No abstract

No abstract

Oral mucocutaneous diseases (MCDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders that could involve oral mucous membrane frequently. The purpose of this study was analysis of clinicopathologic features and relative frequency of MCDs with emphasize on malignant transformation of oral lichen planus (OLP). In this retrospective study, clinical data regarding to site of involvement, patient's age and sex, and accompanied symptoms were noted, and pathologic slides of OLP were reviewed for the detection of dysplastic changes. Among 309 patients, OLP and pemphigus vulgaris were the first and second most common MCDs. Buccal mucosa was the most frequent affected site. Female predominance (70.23%) and mean age of 45.3 years were seen. Approximately 12.4% of OLPs showed dysplastic and neoplastic changes. In conclusion, MCD with oral manifestation is most probably to be OLP and pemphigus vulgaris rather than other rare disorders. Malignant transformation may occur in all forms of OLP, and hence, regular, exact follow-up of the patient is necessary for enhancing quality of life.