QUESTIONS @ POINT OF CARE good, with a glycated hemoglobin of 6.5% with treatment with metformin 0.5 g twice daily. A physical examination did not reveal any significant finding. The nephrologist ordered an evaluation of urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (uACR) and renal function tests, after the patient increased fluid intake (starting 24 hours before the tests) and avoided strenuous physical exercise. At this point, the patient reported that the day before the positive dipstick test he had participated in a 10-km amateur road running competition, which he completed in about 75 minutes. A week later, results of the new tests confirm that he had exercise-induced proteinuria, enhanced by relative dehydration: the urine dipstick was now normal with specific gravity of 1.010; uACR was 20 mg/g (normal value >30 mg/g) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 94 ml/min. What is the value of proteinuria assessment? Determination of proteinuria is an important screening test for identifying kidney involvement in various diseases, as well as a crucial prognostic factor for the development and progression of CKD. In addition, proteinuria and albuminuria are independent risk factors for the occurrence of cardiovascular disease, end-stage renal disease and death (1-7). Thus proteinuria is a sign of established kidney damage and plays a direct pathogenic role in the progression of renal and cardiovascular disease. There are many different possible ways of determining proteinuria (8), and its measurement in a point of care setting may