OBJECTIVE This study seeks to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intranasal (IN) dexmedetomidine as a sedative medication for non-invasive procedural sedation. METHODS Subjects 6 months to 18 years of age undergoing non-invasive elective procedures were included. Dexmedetomidine (3 mcg/kg) was administered IN 40 minutes before the scheduled procedure time. The IN dexmedetomidine cohort was matched and compared to a cohort of 690 subjects who underwent sedation for similar procedures without the use of dexmedetomidine to evaluate for observed events/interventions and procedural times. RESULTS One hundred (92%) of the 109 included subjects were successfully sedated with IN dexmedetomidine. There were no significant differences in the rate of observed events/interventions in comparison to the non-dexmedetomidine cohort. However, the IN dexmedetomidine group had a longer postprocedure sleep time when compared to the non-dexmedetomidine cohort (p < 0.001), which had a significant effect on recovery time (p = 0.024). Also, the dexmedetomidine cohort had longer procedure time and total admit time (p < 0.001 and p = 0.037, respectively). CONCLUSIONS IN dexmedetomidine may be used for non-invasive pediatric procedural sedation. Subjects receiving IN dexmedetomidine had a similar rate of observed events/interventions as the subjects receiving non-dexmedetomidine sedation, with the exception of sleeping time. Also, patients sedated with IN dexmedetomidine had longer time to discharge, procedure time, and total admit time in comparison to other forms of sedation.

Background Patients with chronic intestinal failure who require long‐term parenteral nutrition rely on central venous catheters (CVCs) for access to nutrition and hydration. With prolonged use, complications such as central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), damage to CVC, and central venous thrombosis (CVT) can threaten the availability of life‐preserving access. Because of this, all efforts should be made to preserve CVCs with techniques such as catheter salvage in case of CLABSI and catheter repair when damaged. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of catheter repair in our patient population. Methods Retrospective review in 1253 adult patients who received home parenteral nutrition at the Mayo Clinic between September 1, 1997, and April 30, 2018, was conducted to determine the incidence of CLABSI and CVT in patients who underwent CVC repair. Results Fifty‐five CVC repairs were performed in 36 patients (n = 23 female) with mean age of 57.05 ± 16.96 years. A total of 14 catheters (25.45%) were complicated with 24 episodes of CLABSI. CLABSI rate before and after repair was 0.23/1000 catheter days and 0.21/1000 catheter days, respectively. Most common indications for eventual catheter replacement were mechanical damage (32%), infection (32%), and switching to alternate mode of nutrition (24%). We had a 100% success rate of catheter repair procedure, and no post‐procedural complications were present. Conclusion Catheter repair can increase the catheter survival without increasing the risk of CLABSI, providing not only socioeconomic benefit but also decreasing risk of compromising future vascular access.

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