ORIGINAL PROF-3398ABSTRACT… Pancytopenia refers to a reduction in all the three cellular elements of blood. Pancytopenia is a common but important hematological problem encountered in routine clinical Practice. It may be a presenting feature of many underlying serious and life threatening illnesses. Objective: Present study was planned to appraise various clinico-etiological factors underlining Pancytopenia. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Hematology Department of Allama Iqbal Medical College/ Jinnah Hospital Lahore (AIMC&JHL). Period: July 2011 to Jun 2015. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty four patients with Pancytopenia were included in the study. Complete blood count, bone marrow aspirations and trephine biopsies were performed after clinical history and physical exam. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 20.0 version. Results: Out of total 244 Pancytopenia cases, hypoplastic bone marrow 66 (27.04%) and Megaloblastic anemia 49 (20.08%) were the most common etiological factors with male predominance. Fever and pallor were striking presenting clinical features. Conclusion:We conclude that Pancytopenia is a common problem with an exhaustive list of differential diagnosis, some of which are easily treatable and reversible. Therefore early detection with optimal diagnostic approach to Pancytopenia is required for better management of patients. Key words:Pancytopenia, Aplastic anemia, Megaloblastic anemia, Bone marrow.

Background: Currently, the world is in a challenging situation due to Covid-19. The ministry of health in Pakistan reported the first case of Covid-19 on 26th February 2020 in Karachi whereas on the same day in Islamabad, the second case was confirmed in Pakistan. Objective: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of covid-19 mortality and its impact on social life of Pakistani population Methodology: This retrospective study was carried out at the Department of Pathology, Gomal Medical College, Medical Teaching Institute, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan for a period of ten months from March 2021 to December 2021. All the data was taken from the hospital record to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with the mortality of covid-19. For determining the influence of covid-19 on the social life, online survey was conducted. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 24. Results: In the current study, the overall prevalence of covid-19 was 6%. The most common risk factors associated with the covid-19 was Diabetes mellitus in 25 (71.43%) subjects, hypertension in 22 (62.86%), ischemic heart disease in 16 (45.71%) while chronic liver disease was observed in 3 (8.57%) subjects. According to the survey, 420 (70%) participants thought that covid-19 will be controlled worldwide while 450 (75%) subjects thought that covid-19 will be controlled in Pakistan. Worry of contracting covid-19 even with protective measures was observed in 420 (70%) subjects. Conclusion: Our study reported that the prevalence of covid-19 was 6%. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and ischemic heart disease were the major associated risk factors with the mortality of covid-19 and the overall impact of covid-19 on social life of Pakistani population was not good according to our study. Keywords: Covid-19; Prevalence; Mortality; Social life

Background: As a result of the COVID-19 epidemic, many people's lives and livelihoods are at risk. All aspects of everyday life, including education, have been affected by the epidemic. Objective: As a result, we performed this cross-sectional study to learn more about how students from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa feel about COVID-19. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in which respondents completed an online, self-administered form to get the information. Six questions deal with socio-demographics, fourteen ask about knowledge, seven ask about attitude, and eight ask about practice. Raosoft's sample size calculator was used to calculate the final sample size. Results: Five thousand participants, comprising 2250 (45%) men and 2,750 (55%) women from all across the nation, completed this poll. Analysis of the data was done using a chi-square test. Almost all of the students 4750 (95 percent) were aware that COVID-19 is caused by a virus and that it is a respiratory illness 4600 (92 percent). During the lockout, many students continued to see their family members 2,750 (55 percent), and their family members continued to visit them at home 2950 (59 percent). The students' answers to particular questions concerning the spread of the virus differed greatly. Although (p 0.01), women had more awareness about how to avoid illness transmission from patients who had been infected with the virus. Conclusion: In the wake of the COVID-19 epidemic, the vast majorities of college students were well-prepared, had a positive outlook, and were actively practicing their knowledge and skills. Aside from demographics and gender, the KAP scores also vary by family size. During times of crisis, it's critical to keep the public informed about the need to practice preventive practices. Keywords: knowledge, covid-19, attitude, students, practices, Khyber pakhtunkhuwa

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Adequate training of Lady Health Visitors is foundational for the prosperity of community health worker scheme in Pakistan.Objective: To determine the deficiencies in the training Lady Health Visitors by assessing their knowledge and psychomotor skills.Study Design: Cross -sectional study. Study Duration and Place:The study was conducted in 6 -month duration in Community Medicine Department, KEMU, Lahore. Subjects and Methodology:A cross -sectional study was carried out at Model Maternal and Child Care Centre, Montgomery Road, Lahore. A total of 100 Lady Health Visitors were selected on the basis of laid down inclusion criteria. Data was collected through a pretested questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS version 1 MHPE (UHS) Lahore PG Student