Objective: This research is to study the assessment of the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of the essential oil extracted from the aerial parts of Artemisia abrotanum L. that recently grown in Iraq. Methods:The essential oil of A. abrotanum was extracted by hydrodistillation using Clevenger apparatus. This essential oil was tested for antimicrobial activity of five different pathogenic microorganisms (Gram-positive [Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis] and Gram-negative [Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli] bacterial strains) and fungi: Candida albicans using diffusion well agar method. Furthermore, this essential oil was tested for cytotoxic activity using rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, and the growth or inhibition of cancer cells was measured by MTT method. Results:The obtained results show that the antibacterial activity for A. abrotanum against S. aureus was at concentrations 40, 25, and15 µl with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 20 mm, while it showed antibacterial activity against E. coli for four different concentrations of 40, 25, 15, and10 μl with inhibition zone of 16, 12, 14, and 10 mm, respectively, and it showed antifungal activity against C. albicans at four concentrations 40, 25, 15, and10 μl with inhibition zone of 18, 24, 26, and 30 mm, respectively. The cytotoxic activity of the extracted essential oil was showed that the three concentrations of the extract (25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) were all lower significantly as compared to dimethyl sulfoxide group. A significant difference was seen for group 25 with both groups 50 and 100, but no significant difference was seen between the two later. Finally, the antimicrobial and anticancer activity of this plant could be due to its essential oil constituents: Borneol, cymene, camphor, terpineol, eucalyptol, and aromadendrene. Conclusion:The essential oil of A. abrotanum L. has a potent antimicrobial and anticancer effect against the tested microbial organisms and the cancer cells.

Objective: this research is to identify the chemical composition of essential oil of the aerial parts of A.abrotanum L. that grown in Iraq and used recently only for decorative purpose.Method: After collection of the aerial parts the essential oil extracted by hydro-distillation using Clevenger apparatus, then the oil are analyzed by GC/MS.Result: The obtained results show the presence of 14 compounds. The most important constituents are: Eucalyptol (1, 8-cineole), O-cymene, Camphor, Terpineol, Borneol, Longipinocarvone, Limonene, and Aromadendrene.Conclusion: This study analyzes the chemical constituents of the essential oil of A.abrotanum. The essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation then analyzed by GC/MS. 14 Compounds were identified. Due to good result obtained from the essential oil from this plant so further studies chemically and clinically of the active compounds is required.

This research is designed to identify the chemical composition of crude drug of the peel of Annona muricata L. by placing the peels powder in Soxhlet apparatus. 95% of hexane was put in the round bottom flask attached to this setup. Then the whole setup was placed on the heating mantle. The temperature was setup to 60-80°C. The obtained results show the presence of 18 compounds. The most important constituents are: humulen (10.68%), longipinane (2.09%), cyclononasiloxane (1.22%), then followed by borneol acetate represents about (0.93%), alpha limonene diepoxide (0.87%), copaene (0.62), alpha pinene (0.56%), caryophylline oxide (0.55%), Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (0.52%), kaurene (0.52%), retinal (0.46%) while the minor constituents are Germacrene, beta pinene, aromadendrene, and 4,7-Octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester is the minimum one. Due to good result obtained from the crude peel extract of this plant so further studies chemically and clinically of the active compounds is required.