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SUMMARYGrammar inference is a family of machine learning techniques that aim to infer grammars from a sample of sentences in some (unknown) language. Dynamic analysis is a family of techniques in the domain of software engineering that attempts to infer rules that govern the behaviour of software systems from a sample of executions. Despite their disparate domains, both fields have broadly similar aims; they try to infer rules that govern the behaviour of some unknown system from a sample of observations. Deriving general rules about program behaviour from dynamic analysis is difficult because it is virtually impossible to identify and supply a complete sample of necessary program executions. The problems that arise with incomplete input samples have been extensively investigated in the grammar inference community. This has resulted in a number of advances that have produced increasingly sophisticated solutions that are more successful at accurately inferring grammars from (potentially) sparse information about the underlying system. This paper investigates the similarities and shows how many of these advances can be applied with similar effect to dynamic analysis problems by a series of small experiments on random state machines.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of remittance inflow on households’ savings behaviour in Bangladesh. Remittances are considered as the countercyclical flow of income for its recipient economies. It surges the liquidity of the households receiving remittances, allows them to endure local economic shocks and facilitates them to practice productive activities. Remittances often form a big pool of resources for investment which complement the national savings and support the country’s growth through higher rates of capital accumulation. Therefore, if a significant portion of the remittance is used for savings it can lead to prominent economic growth in the long term. Design/methodology/approach Existing literature indicates remittance-receiving households have a greater propensity to use remittance income to meet basic consumption. However, based on the survey conducted by the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics on remittances and household savings (SIR, 2016) and using the ordinary least square regression analysis method, to identify the connection between remittances and household’s saving (SIR, 2016) and using the ordinary least square regression analysis method, to identify the connection between remittances and household’s savings behaviour in Bangladesh. Findings The findings of this study represent remittances encourage households to pursue different kinds of savings in Bangladesh. Savings are made in the form of opening savings accounts, deposit pension scheme/fixed deposits/Bonds, insurance policies, also savings through non-governmental organizations, cooperative societies and savings at home. Other than remittances the demographic characteristics of the household head also influence the savings choices. Originality/value To enable the implementation of appropriate policies to boost savings, analysis from both perspectives; the household and the national level, requires strong vigilance and surveillance.

Adaptation of several methods for generating tests that would test only the modified parts of an evolving The aim of this project is to analyse the impact of specification has been done theoretically in [7]. This PhD change on test sets generated using finite state project aims to study the impact of change on the machine-based testing methods, with specific focus on individual test set components with specific relevance the X-machine testing methods. FSM-based testing to X-machine testing method using empirical methods have been used in protocol testing for years.evaluation. The aim is to investigate a mapping X-machines are a powerful extension of the FSM and between changes in software and changes in the test its test method allows for complete testing under sets and test set components. This would lead to certain conditions. The project aims to study the developing a transformation and a language to describe evolution of the models and study the impact of this the changes, which would allow part of the original evolution on the test sets generated using the Xtest sets to be used for the testing of the changed machine test method. The change impact would thus model. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: aid transformation of the original test sets to test sets section 2 discusses proposed solution and work done for changed models. and section 3 concludes the paper.

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