Showroom XYZ mendapati banyak perbedaan selera dan alasan para konsumen dalam pemakaian mobil. Showroom XYZ memiliki empat tipe mobil paling dominan dalam penjualan seperti Mobilio, CR-V, Jazz, Brio. Dari perubahan tipe tersebut dilakukan pemetaan market share dengan menggunakan pendekatan Markov Chain. Markov Chain adalah salah satu metode matematika yang bisa gunakan untuk memperkirakan suatu perubahan atau perpindahan suatu pola, teknik Markov Chain dilakukan dengan menghitung probabilitas dari perolehan dan kehilangan yang terjadi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengukur perpindahan selera masyarakat terhadap tipe mobil di periode yang akan datang pada showroom XYZ, dari perhitungan tersebut akan diperoleh peta market share tiap tipe-tipe mobil. Dari penelitian tipe C-RV yang awalnya peminatnya paling banyak mengalami penurunan dari 35% kontribusi penjualan menjadi 23%, sedangkan satu-satunya tipe mobil yang mengalami kenaikan adalah tipe brio, pada awalnya market share-nya 12% menjadi 21%, kemudian pada periode ke-3 mengalami kenaikan lagi sebesar 24%. Kata Kunci:  Markov Chain, Market Share

In Indonesia there are many companies that are engaged in tire retreading or reuse of unused used tires. One of the problems in the retread business in Indonesia is that the tire production target is often not fulfilled and the lack of available tires is used as the main raw material for retreading due to the long process of sending tires from consumers to companies. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal needs of resources, determine the priority of achievement and determine the value of sensitivity to the optimum solution achieved. The method used in this study is the Goal Programming Method, because it is suitable for problems that have many goals because through its deviation, the method can automatically capture information about the relative achievement of the goals to be achieved. Based on the results of research that has been done, it can be concluded that the maximum income earned by the company is IDR 474,426,000 or an increase of 36% from the limit set by the company. In addition, it can also be concluded that the sensitivity range for the boundary quantity value is the distance at which the shadow price remains valid. If it increases above the upper limit of sensitivity (increases) or decreases below the lower limit (decreases), the value of the shadow price will change.

Salah satu indikator kesejahteraan rakyat adalah perumahan dan lingkungan. Penelitiaan ini bertujuan untuk melihat berapa pengaruh tingkat kemiskinan terhadap penerima bantuan pembangunan rumah layak huni di Provinsi Riau menggunakan metode regresi linear sederhana. Data yang digunakan diperoleh dari Dinas PUPR PKPP Provinsi Riau dan metode yang digunakan disini yakni metode analisi regresi sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat diperoleh bahwa persamaan regersinya  dimana  jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa pada penelitian ini terdapatnya pengaruh tingkat kemiskinan terhadap pembangunan rumah layak huni.

The discourse on citizenship from the Indonesian perspective is hardly heard, let alone seriously discussed. Even more sad is the results of the study on Citizenship in Indonesia, citizens are often understood as something that is treated as subordinate. Are there no moral roots that underlie Pancasila-based citizenship values in the practice and pattern of citizenship? To answer this question, it is not enough just to rely on civic literature from Western thought, because it is not necessarily fully appropriate, due to historical, cultural, and values factors that become the background, so a study of citizenship from an Indonesian perspective is needed. By studying literature, elaborating terms, conceptions, traditions, and dimensions of citizenship, Baiman, Bauntung, Batuah are studied as one of the noble moral roots of the Banjar tribe and society in South Kalimantan, with the perspective of Pancasila and Banjar Local Wisdom, resulting in a conception of Citizenship Banua ethnic. The concept of Citizenship of the Banua Ethnic not only provides the basis and umbrella for the development of citizenship science based on and sourced from local wisdom values, but can also be developed to strengthen Pancasila Citizenship based on Pancasila values, and can even be increased to become core values for guidance, guidance. and references in citizenship practices and patterns.

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