Of the various processing techniques currently used during autologous fat transfer, sedimentation appears to yield a higher proportion of viable adipocytes than does washing or centrifuging.

In the authors' hands, an en bloc resection of tarsus, Müller muscle, and conjunctiva combined with levator aponeurosis advancement reliably produces excellent results in the treatment of fair levator function congenital ptosis, superior to their previous experience with isolated maximal levator aponeurosis advancement.

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There was no statistically significant difference (P = 0.07) for preference between sunglasses versus photochromic lenses and in seasonal patterns for tinted lens use among spectacles and contact lens wearers. Spectacle wearers (as well as contact lens wearers) used sunglasses more than photochromic lenses (P = 0.004). Most of the participants wore sunglasses in the summer and to protect their eyes from bright light. Overall gray was the preferred lens tint. Potentially adverse effects of UVR exposure to the eye and the importance of proper UVR eye protection were not generally appreciated by the subjects queried.

To study the effectiveness of the vitamin D analogue 1␣-hydroxyvitamin D 2 (1␣-OH-D 2 ) in inhibiting ocular tumor growth in transgenic "Tyr-Tag" mice that developed pigmented ocular tumors produced with the simian virus 40 T and t antigens under the control of the mouse tyrosinase gene. These animals develop pigmented intraocular tumors primarily from the retinal pigment epithelium that closely resemble the histologic features and growth pattern of human choroidal melanoma.Methods: A total of 73 Tyr-Tag transgenic mice between 6 and 7 weeks old were randomly assigned by sex and litter to 3 treatment groups to receive 0.05 µg/d, 0.1 µg/d, or 0.2 µg/d of 1␣-OH-D 2 ; a control group received vehicle (coconut oil). The drug was administered by oral gavage 5 times a week for 5 weeks. The animals were then euthanized and their eyes were enucleated and processed histologically. Three serial sections from each eye were examined microscopically and the mean tumor area measured using Optimus software version 6.5 (Media Cybernetics LP, Silver Spring, Md). Toxic adverse effects were assessed on the basis of mortality, weight loss, and serum calcium levels. Results:The mean tumor size in the 0.1-µg/d and 0.2µg/d dose groups was smaller than in the controls (PϽ.001). No significant difference was seen between the 0.05-µg/d dose group and the control group (P=.64). Survival for the 0.1-µg/d and 0.2-µg/d dose groups was lower than for the controls (95% in the controls vs 85.7% and 73.7%, respectively; PϽ.01). Conclusion:In the Tyr-Tag transgenic mouse, 1␣-OH-D 2 inhibits pigmented ocular tumor growth at moderate drug levels with relatively low mortality.Clinical Relevance: Vitamin D analogues merit further preclinical study in the treatment of ocular melanoma.