Anaesthetic care during thoracic surgical procedures in children combines components of the knowledge bases of paediatric anaesthesia with those of thoracic anaesthesia. This article highlights the principles of anaesthesia during thoracoscopic surgery in children including preoperative evaluation, anaesthetic induction techniques, maintenance anaesthesia and options for postoperative analgesia. In addition, given the need to provide optimal surgical visualization during the procedure, one lung ventilation may be required. Techniques to provide one lung ventilation in the paediatric patient and the principles of anaesthesia care during one lung ventilation are discussed.

Tonsillectomy is one of the most common pediatric surgeries done. Anesthesia for tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy is one of the most challenging to administer even in modern times. The types of anesthesia and drugs are usually dictated by the patient's own pathophysiology and the anesthesiologist's experience. The restricted space for working in these surgeries mandates an understanding and cooperation between the surgeon and anesthesiologist. Postoperative bleeding and airway obstruction have been leading causes of death in the postoperative period. Mortality though overall low may increase with reoperations. Most of these surgeries are carried out on ambulatory basis in modern times thus greater care has to be taken by the anesthesiologist to ensure street fitness in these patients. Even seemingly trivial issues like postoperative nausea vomiting may be of significant importance in these patients. How to cite this article Suvarna D, Fernandes S. Anesthesia Management of Adenotonsillectomy. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2015;7(1):17-21.

Renal disease, either preexisting or occurring during gestation may impair maternal and fetal health. A 35-year-old primigravida with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease on hemodialysis was scheduled for emergency cesarean section. She was managed successfully with low-dose intrathecal bupivacaine and fentanyl. In the case of pregnancy in such a patient, early involvement of the nephrologists along with the obstetrician can improve maternal and fetal outcome.

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