INTRODUCTION: Distress is a serious problem to nurses, the deepest source of distress that nurse’s experience has been arisen because of the variation between nurse’s values and reality of daily nursing practice. Moral distress referred to the cognitive-emotional dissonance that arises when one feels compelled to act against one’s moral requirements. Moral distress has a deleterious effect on patients, nurses, and organizations which results in decreased job satisfaction, increased turnover, and withdrawal from a job, and developing physical and psychological symptoms. The aim of this study is to assess the moral distress among the nurses in Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, cross-sectional research design was conducted among 114 nurses of Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital by use probability, stratified random sampling technique. Data was collected by using Standard Hamric Modified Distress Scale-Revised (MDS-R). RESULTS: The study finding revealed that majority of nurses (82.5%) had mild moral distress and 17.5% had severe moral distress. The father’s occupation was significantly associated with moral distress (p=0.035). Interestingly, a statically significant association was observed between moral distress and respondents who were utilizing facilities of government health insurance (p=0.013). CONCLUSIONS: Nearly one fifth of the nurses have severe moral distress which is less in count but its effects may be severe. Hence special program needs to be organized by hospital admission for nurses to minimize the moral distress.

Background: The family member is an important support system in the care of patient with chronic mental illness. The caregivers experience from a number of significant stresses and burden and need concern from the mental health professionals. The objective of the study was to assess the extent of burden and coping strategies among caregivers of mentally-ill patients. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study design was used among 102 caregivers of mentally ill patients admitted in Psychiatric ward of Chitwan Medical College, Teaching Hospital. Non-probability consecutive sampling technique was used to select the sample. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee. Data were collected from 27 January 2020 to 29 May 2020 using a structured interview schedule and record review. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 20 and analyzed by using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Results: Among 102 caregivers, it was found that 47.1% caregivers perceived moderate to severe burden, 41.2% of the caregivers experienced mild to moderate and 11.8% experienced minimal burden. The highest median percentage of caregivers reported financial burden (50%) where 41.66% reported burden in the relationship. The most frequently used strategies were use of informational support (62.5%), venting (62.5%), positive reframing (62.5%), acceptance (62.5%), and religion (62.5%). Conclusions: The highest percentage of caregivers experienced moderate to severe burden. So, mental health professionals should develop training programs that include counseling to support both patients and family caregivers to reduce the family burden and improving coping skills.

INTRODUCTION: Academic burnout has been widely reported in recent decades in different countries among students. Today’s students are facing dual stress in their academic endeavor i.e., higher academic expectations and perceived pressure from their parents. The aim of the study is to assess the level of academic burnout among the plus two students. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was done among secondary level students in a school of Bharatpur municipality. The study was conducted during October 2021 and December 2021among plus two level students. A self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Burnout was measured by using a 25 items tool comprising different types of burnout. Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed at 5% level of significant. RESULTS: Of total; 62.2% and 7.4% students had mild and moderate burnout respectively. Median value of total burnout was 56 out of the maximum value 125. There was strong significant correlation between personal and study related burnout, moderate significant correlation between personal and classmate related, and between personal and instructor related burn out. There was significance difference in the median personal burn out and instructor related burnout level among male and female students. CONCLUSIONS: High academic burnout was found among secondary level students. Intervention is required to address the burden.

Background: Sexual harassment in public transportation has been recognized as a worldwide serious problem, particularly among women. However, the exact figure of the sexual harassment in transit places is still unknown. Therefore, this study aims to identify the prevalence of sexual harassment in public transportation among the female students of a public college at Bharatpur. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study consisted of 196 female students who studied in the 12th standard of various academic streams of Saptagandaki Multiple Campus of Bharatpur. Stratified proportionate random sampling technique was used for selection of the desired sample. Structured questionnaire was used and data was collected from 2076/ 03/15 B.S to 2076/03/27 B.S through web - based survey. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 for window using descriptive statistics. Results: Majority, i.e. 82.1% of the respondents experienced sexual harassment in public transportation of which 85.1% experienced verbal harassment followed by physical harassment (80.1%) and non- verbal harassment (70.8%). Male passengers were the main perpetrators involved in physical (82.8%), verbal (75.2%) and non- verbal harassment (81.6%). Furthermore, the study revealed that the highest (96.3%) of the participants did not file the complaint because of fear. Conclusions: Sexual harassment in public transportation was found to be significantly higher in female students. Therefore, government and concerned authorities need to adopt zero tolerance rules, regulation ad policies towards any form of sexual harassment in public spaces.

INTRODUCTION: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder commonly seen in young reproductive age women and is manifested by polycystic appearing ovaries on ultrasonography along with oligomenorrhoea or amenorrhoea, hirsutism, obesity and emotional disturbances further leading to infertility and metabolic disturbances as well as chronic illness. These symptoms, however, are frequently linked to decline woman's self-esteem and self-image, and may have an impact on her health-related quality of life (HRQoL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive, web based-cross sectional study was conducted among 686 reproductive age women of Facebook page named PCOS WARRIOR Nepali woman selected conveniently. Structured and standardized health related quality of life questionnaire (German PCOS Questionnaire -g) was used to collect data by posting google form on Facebook page. Obtained data were analysed in Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. RESULTS: More than half (50.9%) of the respondents were found to have good quality of life. The most common health related concern was for Infertility (28.57%) and least was for Acne (71.43%). There was statistically significance between Health-related quality of life and Body Mass Index (BMI) (p=<0.001), menstruation Pattern (p=0.013), duration of medication (p=0.002) and presence of co-morbidities (p=0.010) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that more than half of the respondents have good quality of life. Various programmes should be conducted regarding infertility and assisted reproductive technologies giving special attention to the women having PCOS. Management of PCOS should be directed to improve quality of life of PCOS patients.