Background: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) refers to the CNS dysfunction associated with Perinatal Asphyxia (PA) which is an important causes of permanent damage to CNS tissue. MRI imaging methods attributes to better understanding of pathological events and disease progression that may provide decision regarding intervention.  MRI has a higher sensitivity and is extremely valuable in assessing the extent of hypoxic-ischemic brain damage during the early postnatal period and later infancy. It is also more specific which clearly differentiates fluid filled cavities, oedema, gliosis and hemorrhage. On this background this study was undertaken to evaluate the MRI changes of all grades of HIE patients. They were also followed up at different time intervals for upto 1 year to correlate the MRI changes and neurodevelopmental outcome. Objectives: To find out different MRI findings in hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy babies. Assesment of severity of HIE from MR imaging and correlate these findings with clinical & neurodevelopmental outcome. Methods: All hemodynamically stable HIE babies irrespective of their severity were subjected to MRI between day 7 and day 21 of life and their findings were interpreted.

Objectives- The present study was designed to evaluate the nootropic activity of ethanolic extract of Triticum aestivum (TAE) on stressed wistar albino rats. Materials and methods- Effect of TAE was studied on acute restraint stress and chronic unpredictable stress induced rats. Chronic unpredictable stress was given for 10days. The reference standard drug (Piracetam-200mg/kg) and the test drug, TAE at doses of 150mg/kg and 200mg/kg b.w. were given to rats for 14 days. Learning and memory was assessed by using Elevated plus maze test. Animals sacrificed at the end of this experiment, the body weight adrenal and spleen weight, ulcer index as well as various biochemical parameters like malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assessed. Results- Both acute as well as chronic stress induced a significant prolongation of learning time, whereas only with chronic unpredictable stress the memory or retention time was longer than that of the non-stressed control rats. Piracetam and TAE treated rats showed a significant reduction in acquisition and retention time in stress induced rats. Also, the stress induced ulcer scores were significantly reduced. The effects were comparable to normal control rats.

Objective: To evaluate clinico-demographic profile of hypertensive retinopathy cases in a tertiary care hospital of South Odisha, India. Materials and methods: This was a Cross-sectional study conducted in the department of Ophthalmology, SLN Medical College, Koraput (Odisha) from July 2021 to February 2022. A total of 226 hypertensive patients were examined out of which 100 were found to manifest hypertensive retinopathy changes. These 100 patients were further evaluated and analyzed. Sample size of the study was 100 number of hypertensive retinopathy patients. Different investigations done in the patients are Visual acuity, refraction, BP measurement, Tonometry, Fundus examination, Gonioscopy, B scan, Renal profile, Blood sugar estimation. Demographic parameters like sources of cases, age, gender, area wise distribution. The cases were again assessed to find out level of hypertension control, duration since hypertensive etc. Results: Hypertensive retinopathy grading distribution among hypertensives with controlled blood pressure was 56.25%,   31.25%  and  12.50% into Grade I, II and III respectively, showing lesser incidence of end organ damage with better control of blood pressure levels. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between increasing age, blood pressure levels and severity of sclerotic changes with severity of retinopathy.

Objective: The purpose was to study the ocular manifestations pattern and complications of vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and efficacy of corticosteroid, cyclosporine, alcaftadine. Material and methods: A Prospective study was done taking 227 patients from 15th Oct 2021 to 15th Mar 2022 in Department of Ophthalmology SLN Medical College and Hospital. Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) was diagnosed basing on clinical presentation and scoring of signs and symptoms. Various investigations like slit-lamp biomicroscopy, keratometry, retinoscopy, distant direct, direct ophthalmoscopy and Corneal topography, fundus examination with +90D +20DVolk lenses done. Patients were allocated in 3 groups randomly for studying the efficacy of topical corticosteroid, cyclosporine and alcaftadine as monotherapy and first line therapy too. The results were analyzed after 4, 8 & 12 weeks. Visual acuity and ocular complications were recorded. Results: Most common age group involved was 5 year to 9 year and least were more than of 20 years. Among the patients, 171 (75.4%) were male and 56 (24.6%) were female between 1-30 years. Most common presentation was limbal form. Complications like shield ulcer found in 11 and keratoconus in 2 patients. There was significant reduction in sign and symptom score in topical corticosteroid and topical cyclosporine group.

Objectives- This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of Ethanolic extract of Triticum aestivum (TAE) on different anxiety like behaviour induced by Chronic unpredictable stress in wistar albino rats. Materials and methods- Effect of TAE was studied on chronic unpredictable stress induced rats. The reference standard drug (Diazepam 1mg/kg po) and the test drug, TAE at doses of 150mg/kg and 200mg/kg b.w. were given to rats for 14 days. Anti-anxiety activity was assessed by using Light and Dark Box test. Then the locomotor activity of rats was assessed as indicator of anxiety. Animals were sacrificed at the end of this experiment..The adrenal and spleen weight, ulcer index as well as various biochemical parameters like Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) were assessed. Results- The stay in Light box was increased, rearing activity was increased to a significant level in both Diazepam and TAE-200 mg/kg treated rats and this effect was comparable to that of normal non-stressed vehicle treated rats. Chronic stress caused elevation of MDA and depression of SOD level which is reversed by Ethanolic extract of Triticum aestivum (TAE).