In contemporary business conditions, advanced market economies are characterized by the increasing contribution of the SMEs sector to the economic development. Having that in mind, a large number of papers have been aimed at analyzing business doing in this sector in the last couple of years. In this way, the focus has been shifted from large business entities and their importance to the economic growth to the SMEs sector. In this regard, the aim of this paper is to examine the financial situation, the place and the role of large companies in the overall economy of the Republic of Serbia, where, having in mind the fact that it is a transition economy, large enterprises, both private and public, significantly contribute to the growth of the economic activity and employment. Before all, the degree of the liquidity, efficiency, indebtedness and profitability of these companies in the period 2014-2017 was determined by using the ratio analysis. After that, on the basis of the selected ratios, a comparative financial performance analysis of large business entities in relation to those small, medium-sized and microwas carried out by applying the Entropy and the PROMETHEE II methods. The obtained results pointed out that large business entities had a favorable business economy in relation to the other groups of business entities by size, and their performances had improved to a certain extent in the observed period.

After a period of stagnation, caused by the global economic crisis, the Serbian economy has been transformed into a growing economy with a satisfactory level of price and currency stability. In order to maintain this trend in the future and to ensure further acceleration of economic activity, it is necessary to identify the key problems faced by companies in every economic segment. In this sense, the aim of this paper is to identify the segments of the economy with the most favourable and the disadvantageous business economy, as well as the advantages and limitations of each segment individually. To perform this comparative analysis, the ratio analysis was applied in combination with PROMETHEE and the entropy method. Research results suggested that medium enterprises and those operating in the sector of information and communication and in the region of Vojvodina had the most favourable business economics, while the micro enterprises, those who operate in the construction sector and in the region of Kosovo and Metohija were in the worst economic and financial situation. On the basis of the obtained results, appropriate recommendations and guidelines for improvement of the business economics in the worst ranked segments of the economy have been defined.